1Preface
112Chapter - 7 Needling Techniques
2Chapter - 1 Introduction to Acupuncture
1137.1 Introduction
31.1 Introduction
1147.2 Dose of acupuncture
41.1.1 How can we be sure Acupuncture is a Valid Therapy?
1157.3 Acupuncture: basic technique
51.1.2 Phenomena that are Characteristic of Acupuncture Treatment
1167.3.1 Insertion
61.2 Traditional Chinese acupuncture
1177.3.2 Advance
71.2.1 Chinese Origins of Acupuncture
1187.3.3 Manipulation
81.2.2 European Origins of Acupuncture
1197.3.4 Retention
91.2.3 The Worldwide Spread of Acupuncture
1207.3.5 Removal
101.2.4 The 20th century
1217.3.6 Needling Myofascial Trigger Points
111.2.5 Traditional Chinese Acupuncture Theories
1227.3.7 Superficial Needling
121.2.6 Chinese Anatomy and Physiology
1237.3.8 Periosteal Pecking
131.2.7 Qi
1247.4 Electroacupuncture
141.2.8 Yin/Yang ‘balance.’
1257.4.1 Origins
151.2.9 Five Phases (elements)
1267.4.2 Application
161.2.10 Meridians
1277.4.3 Safety of Electroacupuncture
171.3 Western medical acupuncture
1287.5 Patient sensitivity
181.3.1 Five Mechanisms for Understanding Western Medical Acupuncture
1297.6 Managing the course of treatment
191.3.2 Local Effects
1307.7 Exercise
201.3.3 Segmental Analgesia
131Chapter - 8 Other Acupuncture Techniques
211.3.4 Extrasegmental Analgesia
1328.1 Introduction
221.3.5 Central Regulatory Effects
1338.2 Continuous stimulation by indwelling needles: 8.2.1 Safety of Indwelling Needles
231.3.6 Myofascial Trigger Points
1348.3 Auricular acupuncture
241.4 Exercise
1358.3.1 Background and Concepts
25Chapter - 2 Neurological Mechanisms (Local Effects)
1368.3.2 Western Medical Auricular Acupuncture
262.1 Introduction
1378.3.3 Treatment
272.2 Sensory Nerves
1388.3.4 Safe Needling of the Ear
282.3 Physiology of local acupuncture Needle sensation:
1398.3.5 Approaches to Continuous Auricular Stimulation
292.3.1 de qi
1408.3.6 NADA Technique
302.3.2 Local Neuropeptide Release
1418.3.7 Smoking Cessation
312.3.3 Other Possible Local Mechanisms
1428.4 Other stimulation techniques
322.3.4 Clinical Application
1438.4.1 Acupressure
332.4 Where to place the needle?
1448.4.2 Moxibustion
342.4.1 Acupuncture Points
1458.4.3 Plum-blossom Needle
352.4.2 Learn the Rough Location then use the Fingertip as a guide to where to insert the Needle
1468.4.4 Laser ‘acupuncture.’
362.4.3 The Numbering System of Acupuncture Points
1478.4.5 Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation
372.5 Needle stimulation: the acupuncture ‘dose.’
1488.4.6 Gold and Silver Needles
382.5.1 Number of Needles
1498.4.7 New Scalp Acupuncture of Yamamoto
392.5.2 Thickness of Needles
1508.4.8 Korean Hand Acupuncture
402.5.3 Depth of Insertion
1518.4.9 Interpretation
412.5.4 Needle Manipulation to elicit de qi
1528.5 Electrodiagnostic techniques
422.5.5 Needle Retention Time
1538.5.1 Electroacupuncture after Voll
432.5.6 Standard Treatment Dose
1548.5.2 Ryodoraku
442.6 Exercise
1558.6 Exercise
45Chapter - 3 Neurological Mechanisms (Regulatory Effects)
156Chapter - 9 Safe Needling
463.1 Introduction
1579.1 Introduction: 9.1.1 Treat Patients Lying Down
473.2 Pain: the affective component: 3.2.1 The limbic system
1589.2 Equipment and administration
483.3 Psychological changes
1599.2.1 Handling Needles
493.4 Autonomic effects
1609.2.2 Forgotten Patients
503.4.1 Hypothalamus–pituitary-adrenal Axis
1619.3 Reducing the risk of trauma
513.4.2 Hypothalamus–pituitary–ovarian Axis
1629.3.1 Blood Vessels
523.5 Other endocrine effects
1639.3.2 Heart
533.6 The immune system
1649.3.3 Between the Ribs Over the Anterior Chest
543.7 Drug dependency
1659.3.4 Peripheral Nerves
553.7.1 Nausea and Vomiting
1669.3.5 Spinal Cord and Brainstem
563.7.2 Clinical Application
1679.3.6 Pleurae
573.8 Exercise
1689.3.7 Abdominal Organs
58Chapter - 4 Neurological Mechanisms: Segmental Analgesia
1699.4 Reducing the risk of infection
594.1 Introduction
1709.4.1 Hygiene and Skin Preparation
604.2 Somatic afferents: anatomy and physiology
1719.4.2 Vulnerable Sites and Vulnerable Patients
614.2.1 Afferent Nerve Pathways: Small Unmyelinated and Myelinated Nerves
1729.4.3 Bacterial Endocarditis
624.2.2 The Perception of Pain
1739.4.4 Reducing Blood-borne Infection
634.3 Physiology of segmental acupuncture
1749.5 Professional development
644.4 Clinical application of segmental analgesia
1759.6 Exercise
654.4.1 Needling Those Muscles Suppresses Pain in the Joint.
176Chapter - 10 Treatment Guidelines
664.4.2 Local Needles Can Have Local and Segmental Effects.
17710.1 Introduction
674.4.3 Electroacupuncture
17810.2 Summary of general treatment principles
684.5 Segmental acupuncture for visceral conditions
17910.2.1 Selecting the Point
694.6 Visceral afferents: anatomy and physiology
18010.2.2 Stimulating the Point
704.6.1 Convergence
18110.3 Summary of methods of stimulation used in different treatment approaches.
714.6.2 Afferent Nerves From Muscle and Organ Converge in the Dorsal Horn.
18210.3.1 Myofascial Trigger Point
724.7 Autonomic effects of acupuncture
18310.3.2 Myofascial Trigger Point Pain
734.8 Clinical application to visceral conditions: 4.8.1 Superficial Needling Option
18410.3.3 Osteoarthritis (OA)
744.9 Exercise
18510.4 Spinal or paraspinal pain (neck, thorax, low back)
75Chapter - 5 Neurological Mechanisms: Extra Segmental Analgesia
18610.4.1 Soft-tissue Conditions
765.1 Introduction
18710.4.2 Medial Epicondylitis
775.2 Neuromodulators: opioid peptides
18810.4.3 Tenosynovitis, e.g., de Quervain’s
785.2.1 Electroacupuncture and Opioid Peptides
18910.4.4 Plantar Fasciitis
795.2.2 Non-opioid Mechanisms in Acupuncture Analgesia
19010.4.5 Ligaments and Tendons
805.3 Descending inhibitory pain control
19110.4.6 Non-cardiac Chest Pain
815.4 Clinical application
19210.4.7 Tension-type Headache
825.4.1 Individual Response to Acupuncture
19310.4.8 Migraine
835.4.2 Cumulative Response to Acupuncture: Gene Expression
19410.4.9 Atypical Facial Pain
845.4.3 Natural Opioid Antagonist Cholecystokinin: Anxiety
19510.4.10 Fibromyalgia
855.4.4 Acupuncture Analgesia for Surgery
19610.4.11 Intermittent Claudication
865.5 Aspects of pain
19710.4.12 Phantom Limb Pain
875.5.1 Classification of Pain
19810.4.13 Trigeminal or Post-herpetic Neuralgia
885.5.2 Sensitization: Peripheral and Central
19910.5 Complex regional pain syndrome and Raynaud’s syndrome
895.5.3 Strong Stimulation: Diffuse Noxious Inhibitory Control
20010.6 Gastrointestinal symptoms
905.6 Exercise
20110.6.1 Bladder Symptoms
91Chapter - 6 Preparation for Treatment
20210.6.2 Nausea
926.1 Introduction
20310.6.3 Menopausal Hot Flushes
936.2 Patients suitable for acupuncture
20410.6.4 Tinnitus
946.2.1 Contraindications
20510.6.5 Itch
956.2.2 Absolute Contraindications to Particular Techniques
20610.6.6 Safety First
966.2.3 Relative Contraindications: Balancing Risk and Benefit
20710.6.7 Recording Treatment
976.2.4 Special Precautions
20810.7 Exercise
986.2.5 Pregnancy
209Chapter - 11 Evidence on the Safety of Acupuncture
996.2.6 Strong Reactors
21011.1 Introduction: acupuncture is safe in skilled hands
1006.3 Information and informed consent
21111.2 A modern approach to safety
1016.4 Conditions suitable for acupuncture
21211.3 The potential risks of acupuncture
1026.5 Acupuncture equipment
21311.3.1 Mild Events
1036.5.1 Standard Needles
21411.3.2 Severity Definition
1046.5.2 Guide Tubes
21511.3.3 Significant Events
1056.5.3 Other Types of Needle
21611.3.4 Serious Events
1066.5.4 Electroacupuncture Equipment
21711.3.5 Unavoidable Events
1076.5.5 Ancillary Equipment
21811.3.6 Indirect Risk
1086.5.6 Re-sterilizing Needles
21911.4 Exercise
1096.6 The setting for acupuncture
220Appendix
1106.7 Preparation of the practitioner
221Glossary
1116.8 Exercise
222Index
