1Preface
57Chapter
2Chapter
588 Speech and Language Impairments Resulting from Brain Damage
31 Language Development
598.1 APHASIA
41.1 A CRITICAL PERIOD FOR LANGUAGE ACQUISITION
608.1.1 Broca’s Aphasia
51.2 EARLY BRAIN DEVELOPMENT : 1.2.1 Imaging the Brain
618.1.2 Wernicke’s Aphasia
6Chapter
628.1.3 Global Aphasia
72 The Nature versus Nurture Debate
638.1.4 Incidence of Aphasia
82.1 NATIVISTS AND NON-NATIVISTS
648.1.5 Treatment of Aphasia
92.2 UNIVERSAL GRAMMAR
658.1.6 Ischemic Stroke
102.2.1 Understanding Ambiguity
668.2 DYSARTHRIA : 8.2.1 Treatment of Dysarthria
112.2.2 Words for Descriptive Concepts
678.3 APRAXIA : 8.3.1 Treatment of Apraxia
122.2.3 Compound Formation
688.4 FOREIGN ACCENT SYNDROME
132.3 UNIVERSAL DEVELOPMENT OF LANGUAGE
698.4.1 Causes of Foreign Accent Syndrome
142.3.1 Babbling
708.4.2 A Case Study of Foreign Accent Syndrome
152.3.2 Overgeneralization
718.4.3 Treatment of Foreign Accent Syndrome
162.3.3 Ability to Form Creative and Unique Ideas
72Chapter
17Chapter
739 Disorders with a Speech Component
183 How is Speech Produced?
749.1 TOURETTE SYNDROME : 9.1.1 Causes of Tourette Syndrome
193.1 LOCALIZATION OF BRAIN FUNCTION
759.2 AUTISM
203.1.1 Broca’s Area
769.2.1 Incidence of Autism
213.1.2 Wernicke’s area
779.2.2 Causes of Autism
223.1.3 Confirming Left Hemisphere Dominance
789.2.3 Treatment of Autism
233.2 CHALLENGES TO THE CONCEPT OF LOCALIZATION
799.2.4 The Importance of Inhibition
243.2.1 Variability among Individuals
809.3 SCHIZOPHRENIA
253.2.2 One Function Dependent on Two Areas
819.3.1 Formal Thought Disorder
263.2.3 Plasticity of the Brain’s Language Areas
829.3.2 Incidence of Schizophrenia
273.2.4 Phrenology
839.3.3 Causes of Schizophrenia
28Chapter
849.3.4 Treatment of Schizophrenia
294 Subcortical Regions Involved in Speech Production
85Chapter
304.1 ANIMAL MODELS
8610 Hearing Disorders
314.2 PRODUCTION OF VOCALIZATION: 4.2.1 What the Zebra Finch Can Teach Us about Speech
8710.1 SOUND
324.3 A RELAY OF INFORMATION THROUGH THE BRAIN
8810.2 SOUNDWAVES
33Chapter
8910.2.1 Characteristics of Sound Waves
345 Sign and Second Languages
9010.2.2 How Hearing Problems are Identified
355.1 DEFICITS IN SIGN LANGUAGE
9110.2.3 Different Symptoms of Hearing Loss
365.2 REGIONS OF THE BRAIN INVOLVED IN SIGN LANGUAGE
9210.3 FACTS IN THE HISTORY THAT MAY BE IMPORTANT
375.2.1 Language in Non-Human Primates
9310.3.1 Ototoxic Drugs
385.2.2 Second Languages
9410.3.2 Speech Defect
395.3 LESSONS OF SIGN AND SECOND LANGUAGES
9510.3.3 Noise-Induced Loss
40Chapter
9610.3.4 Previous Ear Surgery
416 Language and Thought
9710.3.5 Classification and Measurement of Hearing Loss
426.1 SAPIR-WHORF HYPOTHESIS
9810.3.6 Machine Used for Testing of Hearing Loss
436.2 EMPIRICAL ASSESSMENT
9910.4 Conductive Hearing Loss: 10.4.1 Characteristic Features
446.2.1 Thought in Infants
10010.5 FINDINGS IN VARIOUS TESTS
456.2.2 Numerical Assessment without Words for Numbers
10110.5.1 The Danger of Incomplete Studies
466.3 BEYOND SAPIR-WHORF
10210.5.2 Treacher Collins Syndrome
47Chapter
10310.5.3 Foreign Body in Ear Canal
487 Speech Disorders
10410.5.4 Carcinoma in External Canal
497.1 STUTTERING
10510.5.5 Granuloma
507.1.1 Incidence of Stuttering
10610.5.6 Cysts in Ear Canal
517.1.2 Causes of Stuttering
10710.5.7 Flaccid Eardrum
527.1.3 Treatment of Stuttering
10810.5.8 The Senile Eardrum
537.2 SPASMODIC DYSPHONIA
109Glossary
547.2.1 Incidence of Spasmodic Dysphonia
110Appendix
557.2.2 Causes of Spasmodic Dysphonia
111Index
567.2.3 Treatment of Spasmodic Dysphonia
