1Preface
453.5 Virtual 3D City Model Generation: 3.5.1 Generation of 3D Building Models for Pitched Roof Building
2Chapter - 1 Geosimulation and Land Use Plan
463.6 Summary of Our Work
31.1 Introduction
473.7 Exercise
41.2 What is Form Scenario Analysis (FSA)?
48Chapter - 4 Error Types
51.2.1 Cellular Automata for Simulating Urban Growth Boundaries(UGBs)
494.1 Probability Distribution
61.2.2 Form Scenario for Planned Urban Growth Boundaries
504.2 Most Probable Value
71.3 Simulated UGBs Using Conventional Constrained CA
514.3 Standard Deviation
81.4 The FSA Approach for Retrieving Policy Parameters that Fit Planned UGBs
524.4 Variance
91.4.1 Policy Parameters and Constraints in Constrained CA
534.5 Standard Error Of Mean
101.4.2 Policy Solutions for Planning Alternatives Using FSA
544.6 Most Probable Error
111.5 Experiments in the Beijing Metropolitan Area: 1.5.1 Study Area
554.7 Confidence Limits
121.6 Simulated and Planned UGBs: 1.6.1 Parameter Calibration
564.8 Weight
131.7 Urban Growth Simulation for 2020
574.9 Precision And Accuracy
141.8 FSA Simulation and Policy Implications
584.10 Propagation Of Error: 4.10.1 Normal Distribution
151.9 Planning Alternatives – Planned UGB as FSA
594.11 Exercise
161.10 Related Policy Implications
605 Distance Measurement
171.11 Conclusions and Next Steps
615.1 Direct Method Using A Tape
181.12 Exercise
625.2 Correction for Absolute Length
19Chapter - 2 GeoVisualization and Urban Design
635.3 Correction for Temperature: 5.3.1 Correction for Pull or Tension
202.1 Review of VR Application in Digital Urban Planning and Managing
645.4 Correction for Sag
212.1.1 Development of VR Technology
655.5 Correction for Slope
222.1.2 The Initial Concept Development Period
665.6 Correction for Alignment
232.1.3 The Major Equipment Development Period
675.7 Reduction to Mean Sea Level (M.S.L.)
242.1.4 The System Research Development Period
685.8 Error In Pull Correction Due To Error In Pull
252.1.5 The High-tech Research Development Period
695.9 Error In Sag Correction Due To Error In Pull
262.2 Classes of VR Modeling Method
705.9.1 Elongation Of A Steel Tape When Used For Measurements In A Vertical Shaft
272.2.1 Visualization Modeling Method
715.9.2 Tacheometric Or Optical Method
282.2.2 Attribute Modeling Method
725.9.3 Subtense Tacheometry
292.2.3 Integration Modeling Method
735.9.4 Effect Of Staff Verticality
302.3 Characteristics of VR Application in Urban Planning and Managing
745.10 Exercise
312.3.1 Characteristics of VR Application in the West
75Chapter - 6 Adjustment of Survey Observations
322.3.2 Characteristics of VR Application in China
766.1 Adjustment Of Observations
332.4 Aspects of VR Application in Urban Planning and Managing: 2.4.1 VR Aided Compiling Urban Planning Scheme
776.2 Method Of Least Squares
342.5 VR Aided Representing Urban Planning Scheme
786.3 Observation Equations And Condition Equations
352.6 VR Aided Managing Urban Development Process: 2.6.1 The perspective of VR Application in Urban Planning and Managing
796.4 Normal Equation
362.7 Current Traditional Urban Planning and Managing Needs VR to Aid
806.5 Least Squares Method Of Correlates
372.8 Future Digital Urban Planning and Managing Needs VR to Support
816.6 Method Of Differences
382.9 Conclusion
826.7 Method Of Variation Of Coordinates
392.10 Exercise
836.8 General Method Of Adjusting A Polygon With A Central Station
40Chapter - 3 Automatic Generation of Virtual 3D City Models for Urban Planning
846.9 Exercise
413.1 Introduction
85Appendix
423.2 Literature Review
86Glossary
433.3 Research Objective
87Index
443.4 The approach of the Automatic Generation for Urban Design Alternatives
