1Preface
1127.3.4 Time Diary Methods
21 Why do Research on Families and Children?
1137.4 Studying Families through Non-reactive Techniques
31.1 Introduction
114٧.٤.١ Four Kinds of Errors Introduced by the Respondents
41.2 Stages of Social Research
1157.4.2 Three Kinds of Errors Introduced by the Researcher
51.3 How is Research on Families and Children Different?
1167.5 Types of Non-reactive Research
61.3.1 Families as Systems of Individuals
1177.5.1 Archives
71.3.2 Defining the Family as Problematic
1187.5.2 Observations
81.3.3 Family Members Occupy Multiple Roles and Statuses Simultaneously
1197.5.3 Physical Traces
91.3.4 Behavioral Secrecy within a Family
1207.6 Ethics and Quantitative Methods
101.3.5 Preconception about the Family and the Family Life
1217.7 Limitations of Quantitative Data
111.4 Benefits to be Derived from a Well-conducted Research
1227.8 Conclusion
121.5 References
1237.9 References
132 The Ethics of Research on Families and Children
1248 Studying Families: Methods for Qualitative Data
142.1 Introduction
1258.1 Introduction
152.2 Milgram’s Obedience Experiment
1268.2 Qualitative Research Compared to Quantitative Research
162.3 Impact on Children and Family Members
1278.2.1 Qualitative Research
172.4 Special Concerns in Case of Children
1288.2.2 Quantitative Research
182.4.1 Informed Consent and Rights of Children
1298.2.3 Points of Distinctions between Qualitative Research and Quantitative Research
192.4.2 Non-harmful Experimental Procedures
1308.3 Types of Qualitative Research Strategies
202.4.3 Additional Consent
1318.3.1 Strategy 1: Data Collection under Qualitative Research
212.4.4 Incentive
1328.3.2 Strategy 2: Data Analysing
222.4.5 Deception
1338.3.3 Strategy 3: Data implementation: A Combination of Data Collection and Data Analysis
232.4.6 Sharing of Responsibilities
1348.4 Studying Families through Observation
242.4.7 Anonymity
1358.4.1 Methods of Studying Families through Observation
252.4.8 Keeping Parents in the Loop in case of Jeopardy
1368.4.2 Benefits of Observation Research
262.4.9 Tackling Unforeseen Circumstances
1378.5 Ethics and Qualitative Research
272.4.10 Confidentiality
1388.5.1 Importance of Ethics in Research
282.4.11 Communication with Participants
1398.5.2 Qualitative Research Ethics
292.4.12 Exercising Caution while Conveying the Findings
1408.5.3 Principles/Guidelines for Qualitative Research Ethics
302.4.13 Awareness of Implications of Findings
1418.5.4 Challenges for Ethical Qualitative Research
312.4.14 Scientific Misconduct
1428.6 Evaluating Qualitative Research: 8.6.1 Criteria for Evaluating Qualitative Research
322.4.15 Personal Misconduct
1438.7 Conclusion
332.5 Role of Institutional Review Board
1448.8 References
342.6 Value of Ethically Sound Research in Tackling Fraud
1459 Studying Families: Mixed Methods
352.6.1 Research without Informed Consent
1469.1 Introduction
362.6.2 Issue Related to the Privacy of Participants
1479.2 Mixed Method Approaches
372.6.3 Non-treated Controls
1489.2.1 Explanatory Mixed Method Design
382.7 Summary
1499.2.2 Exploratory Mixed Model Design
392.8 References
1509.2.3 Triangulation Mixed Model Design
403 Causal Inference in Research of Families and Children
1519.2.4 Embedded Mixed Model Design
413.1 Variables: 3.1.1 Types of Research Variables
1529.2.5 How to Time Mixed Method Research Approaches?
423.2 Units of Analysis
1539.2.6 Priorities in Mixed Method Approaches
433.2.1 The Importance of Units of Analysis
1549.2.7 How to Mix in a Mixed Model Approach?
443.2.2 Distinction between Units of Analysis and Variables
1559.2.8 Issues with Procedures of Mixing Qualitative and Quantitative Data
453.3 Thinking Causally
1569.3 Mixed Model Studies
463.3.1 Temporal Precedence
1579.3.1 Definition of Mixed Method Research
473.3.2 Non-spuriousness
1589.3.2 Mixed Method Design: Advantages and Disadvantages
483.3.3 Constant Conjunctions
1599.4 Closing Thoughts on Choosing a Research Method
49٣.٣.٤ Identifying Mechanism and Specifying Context
1609.5 References
503.3.5 Assessing Causality
16110 Analyzing Data on Families and Children
513.4 Framing the Hypothesis
16210.1 Introduction
523.4.1 Directional Hypothesis
16310.2 Descriptive Statistics
533.4.2 Non-directional Hypothesis
16410.2.1 Central Tendency
543.4.3 Cross-sectional Design
16510.2.2 Variability
553.4.4 Longitudinal Study
16610.3 Inferential Statistics
563.5 Casual Inference in Qualitative Research
16710.3.1 Hypothesis Testing
573.6 Conclusion
16810.3.2 Probability
583.7 References
16910.3.3 Sampling Distribution
594 Searching and Reading Literature
17010.4 Decision Making Problem
604.1 Reading a Journal Article
17110.4.1 Correct Decision
614.1.1 Steps of Reading a Journal Article
17210.4.2 Type I and II Error
624.1.2 How to have a Contextual Understanding of a Journal Article?
17310.4.3 Selection of Significance Level
634.1.3 Approaches of Reading a Journal Article
17410.5 Interpretation of the Result of Insignificance
644.1.4 Types of Journal Articles
17510.6 Statistical Tests
654.1.5 Gathering a Practical Experience
17610.6.1 The t-test
664.2 Where do I go from Here
17710.6.2 The F Statistics
674.3 How do Journal Articles get Published
17810.6.3 Correlation Coefficient
684.4 Steps of Publishing a Journal Article
17910.7 Correlational Method
694.4.1 Selecting a Journal
18010.7.1 Effect Size
704.4.2 Preparing a Manuscript
18110.7.2 Advanced Correlational Methods
714.4.3 Proofreading the Manuscript
18210.7.3 Regression Equation
724.4.4 Selecting a Reviewer (Optional)
18310.7.4 Multiple Correlation
734.4.5 Taking Account of Reviews
18410.8 References
744.4.6 Tips to Handle the R&R
18511 Advanced Topics in Family Data Analysis
754.4.7 Finalizing the Article for Publishing
18611.1 Ideas of Nested Entities
764.5 Research Monographs
18711.2 Analyzing Nested Data
774.6 Edited Volumes
18811.2.1 Stable Group Models
784.6.1 An Editor’s Role
18911.2.2 Dynamic Group Models
794.6.2 Responsibilities of the Authors (Contributors)
19011.3 Individual Change Over Time
804.7 Other Types of Publications
19111.4 Contextual Factors: Moderators and Mediators: 11.4.1 Context Which can also be Multifaceted Variable
814.8 References
19211.5 Final Thoughts on Nested Interests: 11.5.1 Central Theme with a Nested Story
825 Sampling Issues
19311.6 References
835.1 Samples and Sampling
19412 Evaluating Programs in Human Development and Family Science
845.1.1 Differences between Population and a Sample
19512.1 Introduction
855.1.2 Stage of Sampling
19612.2 Needs Assessment and Social Impact Assessment
865.2 Defining the Population
19712.2.1 Needs Assessment
875.3 Sampling Designs
19812.2.2 Social Impact Assessment (SIA)
885.3.1 Features or Characteristics of a Good Sampling Design
19912.2.3 Criticism Leveled Against the Social Impact Assessment and Needs Assessment Framework
895.3.2 Types of Sample Design
20012.3 Outcome Assessment
905.4 Bias in Sampling
20112.4 Process Research: How does it Work?
915.5 How Large a Sample should be?
20212.5 Some Thoughts about Randomization in Evaluation Research: 12.5.1 Types of Evaluation
925.6 Formula for Calculating the Sample Size
20312.6 The Relationship between Applied and Basic Research
935.7 Steps Involved in Choosing the Sampling Technique
20412.6.1 Applied Research
945.8 Choosing a Sampling Technique
20512.6.2 Basic Research
955.9 Summary
20612.6.3 Points of Distinction between Applied Research and Basic Research
965.10 References
20712.7 Conclusion
976 How Do We Measure Concepts?
20812.8 References
986.1 Introduction
20913 Politics of Research on Families and Children
996.2 Concept of Human Development
21013.1 Introduction
1006.3 Characteristics of a Good Measurement Procedure
21113.2 Ethical Implications of Research on Families and Children
1016.3.1 Measurement of HDI by Planning Commission Method
21213.2 Institutional Review of Research
1026.3.2 What are the Reliability and Validity of HDI?
21313.3 Distinctive Issues a Researcher might face while Working with Subjects who are Children
1037 Studying Families: Methods for Quantitative Data
21413.3.1 Issues Regarding Confidentiality and Privacy
1047.1 Introduction
21513.3.2 Issues of Non-treated Controls
1057.2 Studying Families: Through Experiments
21613.4 Political Concerns while Conducting Research
1067.2.1 Internal Validity
21713.4.1 Funding
1077.2.2 External Validity
21813.4.2 The Discipline in which the People are Working
1087.3 Studying Families through Survey Methods
21913.4.3 Hierarchal Structures
1097.3.1 Questionnaires
22013.5 Political Control of the Journals where Research Work is Published: 13.5.1 Corruption in Academia
1107.3.2 Mailed Questionnaire
22113.6 Concluding Thoughts on the Ethical and Political Concerns of Research Work
1117.3.3 Telephone Interview
222Index
