11.1 Introduction
130Environment:
21.2 What is human factors and ergonomics
131Task:
31.3 What ergonomics means to business
132Technology:
41.3.1 Explanation of Economics
133Organizational factors:
51.3.2 Knowledge management
134Individual:
61.3.3 Intellectual or human capital
1356.5 Causes of Inefficient Use of Technology
71.4 The emergence of Human Factors
1366.6 From the Task to the Design of Socio-Technical Systems: 6.6.1 The Concept of Complete Task
81.5 Summary
1376.7 Workers’ Participation: 6.7.1 Definitional framework for participation
91.6 Exercise
1386.8 New forms of work organization
10References: Figure Resource
1396.8.1 Teamwork
112.1 The Nature And Aims Of Ergonomics
1406.8.2 Participation
122.1.1 Definition and Scope
1416.8.3 Employee customer relationship
132.1.2 History and Status
1426.8.4 Workforce diversity
142.2 Ergonomics And Related Disciplines
1436.8.5 Information and communication technology: • Telework
152.3 Aims Of Ergonomics
1446.9 Balanced work system Balanced organization
162.3.1 Safety and Health
1456.9.1 Balanced work system
172.3.2 Productivity and efficiency
1466.9.2 Balanced organization
182.3.3 reliability and quality
1476.10 Summary
192.3.4 Job satisfaction and personal development
1486.11 Exercise
202.4 Principles of ergonomics
149References: Figure Resource
21Principle 1. Maintain Neutral Posture
1507.1 Introduction
22Principle 2. Work in the Power / Comfort Zone
1517.2 Key Elements of Team Performance
23Principle 3. Allow for Movement and Stretching
1527.3 Defining content
24Principle 4. Reduce Excessive Force
1537.4 Creating content
25Principle 5. Reduce Excessive Motions
1547.4.2 Identifying Biases Early
26Principle 6. Minimize Contact Stress
1557.4.3 Communicating the Charter
27Principle 7. Reduce Excessive Vibration
1567.5 Process
28Principle 8. Provide Adequate Lighting
1577.5.1 Good and bad processes
292.5 How will an ergonomics program help your organization?
1587.5.2 Establishing good processes
302.6 Ergonomics Problems
1597.5.3 Core processes of a high-performing team
312.7 Summary
160• Team Meetings
322.8 Exercise
161Have a Formal Meeting Agenda
33References: Figure Resource
162Establish Key Issues and Decisions
343.1 Introduction
163Reground the Team by Summarizing Team Agreements and Pinpointing Decisions
353.2 History and its emergence
164Review Feedback from the Previous Meeting
363.3 Fundamentals of human factors
165Use Meeting Ground Rules
373.3.1 Notions in systems E/HF
166Assign a Facilitator
38Systems focus
167Close the Meeting with Great Clarity
39Context
168Close the Meeting on a Positive Note
40Interactions
169• Roles and Responsibilities
41Holism
170Team Project Leader
42Emergence
171Facilitator
43Embedding
172The best facilitators are
443.4 Rail systems ergonomics/human factors
173Timekeeper
453.4.1 Systems focus on rail E/HF
174Knowledge Manager
463.4.2 Context of the rail network and rail companies
175Specialist
473.4.3 The railway is a distributed interactive system
176Team Member
483.4.4 Holistic approaches to railway ergonomics: Emergent properties of rail systems
177Work Distribution
493.4.5 Embedding ergonomics/human factors in the rail industry
178Communications
503.5 Brief History of the Systems Approach and Human Factors Engineering
179Team Roundtable
513.6 Summary
180Communications Overload
523.7 Exercise
181Creating a Safe Zone for the Team
53References: Figure Resource
182Human Factors and E-Mail
544.1 Introduction
183E-Mail Tips
554.2 Some Characteristics of Work Analyses
184E-Mail Ground Rules
564.2.1 The context
185Appointing a Moderator
574.2.2 The semantic framework
186Other Electronic Team Tools
584.2.3 The description of relevant factors regarding the activity
187• Decision Making
594.3 The Task or the Activity?: 4.3.1 The task
188• Measuring Performance: Action Register
604.4 The activity, the evidence, and the performance
189• Team Feedback
614.5 Individual or Collective Work?: 4.5.1 Structure
190Plus/Delta
624.6 Ergonomics And Standardization
191Meeting Monitors
634.6.1 Perspectives
192Spider Diagram
644.6.2 Types of Ergonomics Standards
1937.6 Behavior
654.6.3 Standardization Committees
1947.6.1 How Team Behaviors And Processes Are Related
664.6.4 Structure of Standardization Committees
1957.6.2 Top Six Team Behaviors
674.6.5 Preparation of Ergonomics Standards
196• Interdependency
684.6.6 ISO-CEN Cooperation
197Concept of team ownership
694.6.7 Fields of Ergonomics Standardization
198Concept of team loyalty
704.7 Summary
199• Accountability
714.8 Exercise
200Team acceptance of responsibility
72References: Figure Resource
201Positive accountability
735.1 Introduction
202• Valuing Individual Differences
745.2 Physiological method
203• Transparency
755.2.1 PLIBEL method
204• Learning and Recognition
765.2.2 NIOSH METHOD
205Learning to Adjust Work Plans in Response to New Information and Changes
775.2.3 The Dutch Musculoskeletal Survey
206Learning to Reach Team Conclusions and Decisions
785.3 Psychophysiological Methods
207Recognition
795.3.1 Electrodermal Measurement
208The True Test: Inclusive Team Behaviors
80Advantages: Disadvantages
2097.7 Summary
815.3.2 Electromyography
2107.8 Exercise
82Advantages: Disadvantages
211References: Figure Resource
835.3.3 Estimating Mental Effort Using Heart Rate and Heart rate variability: Disadvantages
2128.1 Introduction
845.3.4 Ambulatory EEG Methods and Sleepiness: Advantages and Disadvantages
2138.2 Intellectual and Emotional Needs of Motivation
855.3.5 Assessing Brain Function and Mental Chronometry with Event-Related Potentials (ERP)
2148.3 Managing The Mind And Emotions In Conflict
86Advantages : Disadvantages
2158.3.1 Switching Brains: Switching Brains in a Right Brain Attack
875.3.6 MEG and fMRI
2168.3.2 The Price for Being Right: Intellectual and Emotional Needs of the Temperament Types
885.4 Behavioral and Cognitive Methods
2178.3.3 How to Support the Different Personality Type
895.4.1 General Analysis Methods
2181. Idealists
905.4.2 Cognitive Task Analysis Methods
2192. Guardian
915.4.3 Error Analysis Method
2203. Rationals
925.4.4 Observation
2214. Artisans
93Advantages: Disadvantages
222On the emotional side
945.5 Team Methods
2238.4 How Intellectual And Emotional Needs Are Communicated
955.5.1 Team Training
224Case 1: FDA
96Advantages: Disadvantages
225Case 2: Going on Vacation
975.5.2 Distributed Simulation Training for Teams
226Case 3: Where Are the Meeting Minutes?
98Advantages: Disadvantages
2278.4.1 The Case Messages and Their Impact
995.5.3 Team Building
228Discussion on Case 1: FDA Testing
100Advantages: Disadvantages
229Discussion on Case 2: Going on Vacation
1015.5.4 Measuring Team Knowledge
230Discussion on Case 3: Where Are the Meeting Minutes?
102Advantages: Disadvantages
2318.5 Summary
1035.5.5 Team Communications Analysis
2328.6 Exercise
1045.5.6 Questionnaires for Distributed Assessment of Team Mutual Awareness
233References: Figure Resource
105Advantages: Disadvantages
2349.1 Introduction
1065.5.7 Team Task Analysis
2359.2 Leadership, vision, and strategic direction
107Advantages: Disadvantages
2369.3 Supply chain integration
1085.6 Environmental Methods
2379.4 Barriers to Integration
1095.6.1 Thermal Conditions Measurement
2389.5 Management skills
110Measurement of Relevant Factors in Heat Exchange
2399.6 Risk and innovation
1111. Temperature
2409.7 Human factors and skills
112Air Temperature (ta)
2419.8 Support
113Mean Radiant Temperature (tr)
2429.9 Learning and redirection
114Surface Temperature (ts)
2439.10 Summary
1152. Air Humidity
2449.11 Exercise
1163. AirSpeed
245References: Figure Resource
1175.6.2 Cold Stress Indices
24610.1 Introduction
118Physiological Measurement
24710.2 Human Factors and Construction Marketing Research
119Thermal Sensation
24810.3 Human Factor Related Challenges Of Construction Business Marketing
1205.6.3 Heat Stress Indices
24910.3.1 Reluctance to Adoption and Integration of Marketing in Construction Businesses
1215.6.4 Thermal Comfort Indices
25010.3.2 Misconceptions and Misperceptions and Lack of Understanding About Marketing in Construction
122Advantages: Disadvantages
25110.3.3 The Beliefs in the Construction Industry
1235.7 Summary
25210.3.4 Lack of In-house Marketing Expertise
1245.8 Exercise
25310.3.5 Engineers Paradigm: Marketing Resource Constraint
125References: Figure Resource
25410.3.6 Effect on Construction Business Marketing Practices
1266.1 Introduction
25510.4 Summary
1276.2 Work Organization
25610.5 Exercise
1286.3 Balance Theory of Job Design
257References: Figure Resource
1296.4 Element Of The Work System
