1CHAPTER 1 Introduction
5411.3 Monitoring results
21.1 Defining Aquatic Protected Areas
55CHAPTER 12 Case Study 3: Community-Managed Areas in Fiji
31.2 Brief History of Aquatic Protected Area Establishment
5612.1 Socioeconomic benefits
41.3 Overview of Aquatic Protected Area Goals and Benefits
5712.2 Customary marine tenure
5CHAPTER 2
5812.3 Challenges faced
6Types of Aquatic Protected Areas
59CHAPTER 13 Emerging Technologies
72.1 Marine Protected Areas
6013.1 Satellite Monitoring
82.2 Marine Reserves
6113.2 DNA Barcoding
92.3 Sanctuaries
6213.3 Automated Surveillance Technology
102.4 Locally Managed Marine Areas
63CHAPTER 14 Climate Change Considerations
11CHAPTER 3 Design Considerations
6414.1 Creating Refugia from Warming and Acidification
123.1 Size
6514.2 Restoring Coastal Blue Carbon Ecosystems
133.2 Boundaries
6614.3 Assisted Evolution of Coral Reefs
143.3 Zoning and Use Restrictions
67CHAPTER 15 Equity Concerns
153.4 Habitat Representation
6815.1 Displacement of Indigenous Fishers
163.5 Connectivity
6915.2 The Need for Co-Management
17CHAPTER 4 Governance Approaches
70CHAPTER 16 Cost-Benefit Analyses: 16.2 Comparison to Other Management Tools
184.1 Top-down (government) governance
71CHAPTER 17 Global Status and Trends
194.2 Bottom-up (community-based) governance
7217.2 Global Progress in Establishing Aquatic Protected Areas
204.3 Co-management governance
7317.3 Challenges for Aquatic Protected Areas in the Developing World
21CHAPTER 5 Ecological Impacts
74CHAPTER 18 The Future of Aquatic Protected Areas
225.1 Protecting Biodiversity
7518.1 Expanding Existing Networks
235.2 Rebuilding Fish Stocks
7618.2 New Designation Approaches
245.3 Spillover Effects
7718.3 Responding to New Threats
255.4 Climate Change Resilience
7818.4 Climate Adaptation Opportunities
26CHAPTER 6 Socioeconomic Impacts
79CHAPTER 19 Actions for Sustainability
276.1 Effects on Fisheries
8019.1 Policy Recommendations
286.2 Tourism Opportunities
8119.2 Best Practices
296.3 Natural Resource Valuation
82CHAPTER 20 Integrated Ecosystem-Based Management
306.4 Stakeholder Participation
8320.1 Complementing Protected Areas with Broader Ecosystem Plans
31CHAPTER 7 Monitoring and Enforcement
8420.2 Multi-Objective Zoning
327.1 Surveillance Methods
8520.3 Combining Spatial and Non-Spatial Measures
337.2 Indicators Assessed
86CHAPTER 21 Stakeholder Engagement Strategies
347.3 Community Reporting
8721.1 Identifying Key Stakeholders
357.4 Penalties for Violations
8821.2 Education & Outreach
36CHAPTER 8 Networking Individual Marine Protected Areas
8921.3 Participatory Planning Processes
378.1 Regional vs National Systems
9021.4 Building Community Support & Stewardship
388.2 Connectivity
91CHAPTER 22 Sustainable Financing Mechanisms
398.4 Representation
9222.1 - Government Funding
40CHAPTER 9 Fisheries Management Integration
9322.1 Trust Funds
419.1 Fisheries Restrictions and Catch Limits
9422.2 User Fees
429.2 Limited Take Zones
95CHAPTER 23 Managing Recreational and Tourism Activities
439.3 Displacement of Fishing Effort
9623.1 Regulating boating, diving, snorkelling, etc.
44CHAPTER 10 Case Study 1: Great Barrier Reef Marine Park
9723.1.1 Assessing and monitoring impacts
4510.1 Zoning system
9823.2 Managing Visitor Impacts
4610.2 Managing multiple uses
9923.3 Tourism Revenue Sharing Models
4710.3 Lessons learned
100CHAPTER 24 Monitoring Ecological and Socioeconomic Impacts
4810.4 Threats and Challenges
10124.1 Developing Indicators
4910.5 Bioregional Management
10224.2 Long-term Monitoring Methodology
5010.6 Stakeholder Stewardship
10324.3 Adaptive Management Based on Monitoring Data
51CHAPTER 11 Case Study 2: California MPAs
10424.4 Assessing Human Dimensions
5211.1 Science-based design
105Glossary
5311.2 Stakeholder involvement
106Index
