6Chapter II. The First Societies
178IV. The Egoism of the Crowd-Mind
7Chapter III. The Right of the Strongest
179V. The Crowd a Creature of Hate
8Chapter IV. Slavery
180VI. The Absolutism of the Crowd-Mind
9Chapter V. That We Must Always Go Back to a First Convention
181VII. The Psychology of Revolutionary Crowds
10Chapter VI. The Social Compact
182VIII. The Fruits of Revolution—New Crowd-Tyrannies for Old
11Chapter VII. The Sovereign
183IX. Freedom and Government by Crowds
12Chapter VIII. The Civil State
184X. Education as a Possible Cure for Crowd-Thinking
13Chapter IX. Real Property
185Part I. Introduction: Chapter I. The World Outside and the Pictures in Our Heads
14Book II
186Part II. Approaches to the World Outside
15Chapter I. That Sovereignty is Inalienable
187Chapter II. Censorship and Privacy
16Chapter II. That Sovereignty is Indivisible
188Chapter III. Contact and Opportunity
17Chapter III. Whether the General Will is Fallible
189Chapter IV. Time and Attention
18Chapter IV. The Limits of the Sovereign Power
190Chapter V. Speed, Words, and Clearness
19Chapter V. The Right of Life and Death
191Part III. Stereotypes
20Chapter VI. Law
192Chapter VI. Stereotypes
21Chapter VII. The Legislator
193Chapter VII. Stereotypes as Defense
22Chapter VIII. The People
194Chapter VIII. Blind Spots and Their Value
23Chapter IX. The People (continued)
195Chapter IX. Codes and Their Enemies
24Chapter X. The People (continued)
196Chapter X. The Detection of Stereotypes
25Chapter XI. The Various Systems of Legislation
197Part IV. Interests
26Chapter XII. The Division of the Laws
198Chapter XI. The Enlisting of Interest
27Book III
199Chapter XII. Self-Interest Reconsidered
28Chapter I. Government in General
200Part V. The Making of a Common Will
29Chapter II. The Constituent Principle in the Various Forms of Government
201Chapter XIII. The Transfer of Interest
30Chapter III. The Division of Governments
202Chapter XIV. Yes or No
31Chapter IV. Democracy
203Chapter XV. Leaders and the Rank and File
32Chapter V. Aristocracy
204Part VI. The Image of Democracy
33Chapter VI. Monarchy
205Chapter XVI. The Self-Centered Man
34Chapter VII. Mixed Governments
206Chapter XVII. The Self-Contained Community
35Chapter VIII. That All Forms of Government Do Not Suit All Countries
207Chapter XVIII. The Role of Force, Patronage and Privilege
36Chapter IX. The Marks of a Good Government
208Chapter XIX. The Old Image in a New Form: Guild Socialism
37Chapter X. The Abuse of Government and Its Tendency to Degenerate
209Chapter XX. A New Image
38Chapter XI. The Death of the Body Politic
210Part VII. Newspapers
39Chapter XII. How the Sovereign Authority Maintains Itself
211Chapter XXI. The Buying Public
40Chapter XIII. The Same (continued)
212Chapter XXII. The Constant Reader
41Chapter XIV. The Same (continued)
213Chapter XXIII. The Nature of News
42Chapter XV. Deputies or Representatives
214Chapter XXIV. News, Truth, and a Conclusion
43Chapter XVI. That the Institution of Government is Not a Contract
215Part VIII. Organized Intelligence
44Chapter XVII. The Institution of Government
216Chapter XXV. The Entering Wedge
45Chapter XVIII. How to Check the Usurpations of Government
217Chapter XXVI. Intelligence Work
46Book IV
218Chapter XXVII. The Appeal to the Public
47Chapter I. That the General Will is Indestructible
219Chapter XXVIII. The Appeal to Reason
48Chapter II. Voting
220Book One. Crowds and Machines
49Chapter III. Elections
221Chapter I. Where are We Going?
50Chapter IV. The Roman Comitia
222Chapter II. The Crowd Scare
51Chapter V. The Tribunate
223Chapter III. The Machine Scare
52Chapter VI. The Dictatorship
224Chapter IV. The Strike—An Invention for Making Crowds Think
53Chapter VII. The Censorship
225Chapter V. The Crowd-Man—An Invention for Making Crowds See
54Chapter VIII. Civil Religion
226Chapter VI. The Imagination of Crowds
55Chapter IX. Conclusion
227Chapter VII. Imagination About the Unseen
56A Discourse on the Arts and Sciences
228Chapter VIII. The Crowd's Imagination About the Future
57A Discourse on the Origin of Inequality: Appendix (pt. 1)
229Chapter IX. The Crowd's Imagination About People
58A Discourse on the Origin of Inequality: Appendix (pt. 2)
230Chapter X. A Democratic Theory of Human Nature
59A Discourse on Political Economy
231Chapter XI. Doing as One Would Wish One Had Done in Twenty Years
60Preface
232Chapter XII. New Kinds and New Sizes of Men
61Introduction. The Era of Crowds
233Book Two. Letting the Crowds Be Good
62Book I. The Mind of Crowds
234Chapter I. Speaking as One of the Crowd
63Chapter I. General Characteristics of Crowds.—Psychological Law of Their Mental Unity.
235Chapter II. Is It Wrong for Good People to be Efficient?
64Chapter II. The Sentiments and Morality of Crowds
236Chapter III. Is It Wrong for Good People to be Interesting?
65Chapter III. The Ideas, Reasoning Power, and Imagination of Crowds
237Chapter IV. Prospects of the Liar
66Chapter IV. A Religious Shape Assumed by All the Convictions of Crowds
238Chapter V. Prospects of the Bully
67Book II. The Opinions and Beliefs of Crowds
239Chapter VI. Goodness as a Crowd-Process
68Chapter I. Remote Factors of the Opinions and Beliefs of Crowds
240Chapter VII. Thoughts on Being Improved by Other People
69Chapter II. The Immediate Factors of the Opinions of Crowds
241Chapter VIII. Making Goodness Hurry
70Chapter III. The Leaders of Crowds and Their Means of Persuasion
242Chapter IX. Touching the Imagination of Crowds
71Chapter IV. Limitations of the Variability of the Beliefs and Opinions of Crowds
243Chapter X. The Stupendous, the Unusual, the Monotonous, and the Successful
72Book III. The Classification and Description of the Different Kinds of Crowds
244Chapter XI. The Successful
73Chapter I. The Classification of Crowds
245Chapter XII. The Necks of the Wicked
74Chapter II. Crowds Termed Criminal Crowds
246Chapter XIII. Is It Wrong for Good People to be Successful?
75Chapter III. Criminal Juries
247Chapter XIV. Is It Second Rate for Good People to be Successful?
76Chapter IV. Electoral Crowds
248Chapter XV. The Successful Temperament
77Chapter V. Parliamentary Assemblies
249Chapter XVI. The Men Ahead Pull
78Introduction. The Revision of History
250Chapter XVII. The Crowds Push
79Part I. The Psychological Elements of Revolutionary Movements
251Chapter XVIII. The Man Who Says How, Says How
80Book I. General Characteristics of Revolutions
252Chapter XIX. And the Machine Starts
81Chapter I. Scientific and Political Revolutions
253Book Three. Letting the Crowd be Beautiful
82Chapter II. Religious Revolutions
254Part One. Wistful Millionaires
83Chapter III. The Action of Governments in Revolutions
255Chapter I. Mr. Carnegie Speaks Up
84Chapter IV. The Part Played by the People in Revolutions
256Chapter II. Mr. Carnegie Tries to Make People Read
85Book II. The Forms of Mentality Prevalent During Revolution
257Chapter III. Mr. Nobel Tries to Make People Write
86Chapter I. Individual Variations of Character in Time of Revolution
258Chapter IV. Paper Books, Marble Pillars, and Wooden Boys
87Chapter II. The Mystic Mentality and the Jacobin Mentality
259Chapter V. The Humdrum Factory and the Tumpty-tum Theatre
88Chapter III. The Revolutionary and Criminal Mentalities
260Part Two. Iron Machines
89Chapter IV. The Psychology of Revolutionary Crowds
261Chapter I. Steeples and Chimneys
90Chapter V. The Psychology of the Revolutionary Assemblies
262Chapter II. Bells and Wheels
91Part II. The French Revolution
263Chapter III. Dew and Engines
92Book I. The Origins of the French Revolution
264Chapter IV. Dead as a Door Nail!
93Chapter I. The Opinions of Historians Concerning the French Revolution
265Chapter V. An Oxford Man and an Inch of Iron
94Chapter II. The Psychological Foundations of the Ancien Regime
266Chapter VI. The Machines' Machines
95Chapter III. Mental Anarchy at the Time of the Revolution and the Influence Attributed to the Philosophers
267Chapter VII. The Men's Machines
96Chapter IV. Psychological Illusions Respecting the French Revolution
268Chapter VIII. The Basement of the World
97Book II. The Rational, Affective, Mystic, and Collective Influences Active During the Revolution
269Chapter IX. The Ground Floor Folks
98Chapter I. The Psychology of the Constituent Assembly
270Chapter X. The Machine-Trainers
99Chapter II. The Psychology of the Legislative Assembly
271Chapter XI. Machines, Crowds, and Artists
100Chapter III. The Psychology of the Convention
272Part Three. People-Machines
101Chapter IV. The Government of the Convention
273Chapter I. Now!
102Chapter V. Instances of Revolutionary Violence
274Chapter II. Committees and Committees
103Chapter VI. The Armies of the Revolution
275Chapter III. The Inconvenience of Being Human
104Chapter VII. Psychology of the Leaders of the Revolution
276Chapter IV. Letting the Crowd Have People in It
105Book III. The Conflict Between Ancestral Influences and Revolutionary Principles
277Book Four. Crowds and Heroes
106Chapter I. The Last Convulsions of Anarchy—The Directory
278Chapter I. The Socialist and the Hero
107Chapter II. The Restoration of Order. The Consular Republic
279Chapter II. The Crowd and the Hero
108Chapter III. Political Consequences of the Conflict Between Traditions and Revolutionary Principles During the Last Century
280Chapter III. The Crowd and the Average Person
109Part III. The Recent Evolution of the Revolutionary Principles
281Chapter IV. The Crowd and Pierpont Morgan
110Chapter I. The Progress of Democratic Beliefs Since the Revolution
282Chapter V. The Crowd and Tom Mann
111Chapter II. The Results of Democratic Evolution
283Chapter VI. An Opening for the Next Pierpont Morgan
112Chapter III. The New Forms of Democratic Belief
284Chapter VII. An Opening for the Next Tom Mann
113Conclusions
285Chapter VIII. The Men Who Look
114I. Introduction
286Chapter IX. Rules for Telling a Hero—When One Sees One
115II. Le Bon's Description of the Group Mind
287Chapter X. Who is Afraid?
116III. Other Accounts of Collective Mental Life
288Chapter XI. The Technique of Courage
117IV. Suggestion and Libido
289Chapter XII. The Men Who Want Things
118V. Two Artificial Groups: The Church and the Army
290Chapter XIII. Men Who Get Things
119VI. Further Problems and Lines of Work
291Chapter XIV. Sources of Courage for Others—Toleration
120VII. Identification
292Chapter XV. Conversion
121VIII. Being in Love and Hypnosis
293Chapter XVI. Exception
122IX. The Herd Instinct
294Chapter XVII. Invention
123X. The Group and the Primal Horde
295Chapter XVIII. The Man Who Pulls the World Together
124XI. A Differentiating Grade in the Ego
296Chapter XIX. The Man Who Stands By
125XII. Postscript
297Chapter XX. The Strike of the Saviours
126Preface
298Chapter XXI. The League of the Men Who are Not Afraid
127Volume 1
299Book Five. Good News and Hard Work
128The Mississippi Scheme
300Part One. News and Labour
129The South-Sea Bubble
301Part Two. News and Money
130The Tulipomania
302Part Three. News and Government
131The Alchymists (pt. 1)
303Chapter I. Oxford Street and the House of Commons
132The Alchymists (pt. 2)
304Chapter II. Oxford Street Hums. The House Hems
133The Alchymists (pt. 3)
305Chapter III. President Wilson and Moses
134Modern Prophecies
306Chapter IV. The President Says Yes and No
135Fortune-Telling
307Chapter V. The President Says "Look!"
136The Magnetisers
308Chapter VI. The People Say "Who are You?"
137Influence of Politics and Religion on the Hair and Beard
309Chapter VII. The People Say "Who are We?"
138Volume 2
310Chapter VIII. News About Us to the President
139The Crusades (pt. 1)
311Chapter IX. News-Men
140The Crusades (pt. 2)
312Chapter X. American Temperament and Government
141The Witch Mania (pt. 1)
313Chapter XI. News-Books
142The Witch Mania (pt. 2)
314Chapter XII. News-Books II
143The Slow Poisoners
315Chapter XIII. News-Papers
144Haunted Houses
316Chapter XIV. News-Machines
145Popular Follies of Great Cities
317Chapter XV. News-Crowds
146Popular Admiration of Great Thieves
318Chapter XVI. Crowd-Men
147Duels and Ordeals
319Epilogue
148Relics
320Preface
149Preface
321Part I. General Principles of Collective Psychology
150Preface to the Second Edition
322Chapter I. Introduction
151Herd Instinct and Its Bearing on the Psychology of Civilized Man
323Chapter II. The Mental Life of the Crowd
152I. Introduction
324Chapter III. The Highly Organised Group
153II. Psychological Aspects of Instinct
325Chapter IV. The Group Spirit
154III. Biological Significance of Gregariousness
326Chapter V. Peculiarities of Groups of Various Types
155IV. Mental Characteristics of the Gregarious Animal
327Part II. The National Mind and Character
156Sociological Applications of the Psychology of Herd Instinct: Gregariousness and the Future of Man
328Chapter VI. Introductory
157Speculations Upon the Human Mind in 1915
329Chapter VII. The Mind of a Nation
158Man’s Place in Nature and Nature’s Place in Man
330Chapter VIII. Freedom of Communication as a Condition of National Life
159Comments on an Objective System of Human Psychology
331Chapter IX. The Part of Leaders in National Life
160Some Principles of a Biological Psychology
332Chapter X. Other Conditions of National Life
161The Biology of Gregariousness
333Chapter XI. The Will of the Nation84
162Characters of the Gregarious Animal Displayed by Man
334Chapter XII. Ideas in National Life
163Some Peculiarities of the Social Habit in Man
335Chapter XIII. Nations of the Higher Type
164Imperfections of the Social Habit in Man
336Part III. The Development of National Mind and Character
165Gregarious Species at War
337Chapter XIV. Introductory
166England Against Germany—Germany
338Chapter XV. The Race-Making Period
167England Against Germany—England
339Chapter XVI. The Race-Making Period (continued)
168Postscript of 1919
340Chapter XVII. The Race-Making Period (continued)
169Prejudice in Time of War
341Chapter XVIII. Racial Changes During the Historic Period
170Psychological Anticipations
342Chapter XIX. The Progress of Nations in Their Youth
171After the War
343Chapter XX. The Progress of Nations in Their Maturity
172The Instability of Civilization
