CAPITAL (Annotated)

Enriched Edition. Vol. 1-3: Complete Edition - Including The Communist Manifesto, Wage-Labour and Capital, & Wages, Price and ProfitBy Karl Marx

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Capital is Karl Marx's monumental critique of political economy, a rigorous investigation into the capitalist mode of production, commodity exchange, surplus value, accumulation, and crisis. Written in a dense yet often dramatic prose, it combines philosophy, history, economics, and literary irony. Situated within nineteenth-century industrial capitalism and classical political economy, the work transforms the tools of Smith and Ricardo into a radical analysis of exploitation and social power. Marx, a German philosopher, journalist, and revolutionary thinker, wrote Capital after decades of political struggle, exile, and archival research, particularly in the British Museum. His experiences with censorship, working-class movements, and the upheavals of European industrial society shaped his conviction that capitalism was not a natural order but a historical system governed by contradictions. This book is essential for readers interested in economics, political theory, history, sociology, or modern social criticism. Though demanding, it rewards careful reading with a profound framework for understanding labor, inequality, markets, and power. Capital remains indispensable for anyone seeking to grasp the intellectual foundations of critiques of capitalism. This enriched edition has been carefully crafted to add value to your reading experience. - A succinct Introduction situates the work's timeless appeal and themes. - The Synopsis outlines the central plot, highlighting key developments without spoiling critical twists. - A detailed Historical Context immerses you in the era's events and influences that shaped the writing. - An Author Biography reveals milestones in the author's life, illuminating the personal insights behind the text. - A thorough Analysis dissects symbols, motifs, and character arcs to unearth underlying meanings. - Reflection questions prompt you to engage personally with the work's messages, connecting them to modern life. - Hand‐picked Memorable Quotes shine a spotlight on moments of literary brilliance.

Political Intrigue Dystopian Rebellion Psychological Survival Exploration

Audiobook details

GenreBusiness and Economics

Length105 hrs 33 mins

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FormateBook with Audio

Publish dateMay 1, 2018

LanguageEnglish

1Distributive Justice: The Right and Wrong of Our Present Distribution of Wealth (Annotated)

15120. Simple Reproduction.

2CAPITAL

152I. The Formulation of the Question.

3Author’s Preface: First German Edition

153II. The Two Departments of Social Production

4Editor’s Preface: First English Translation

154III. The Transactions between the Two Departments

5Part 1 - Commodities and Money

155IV. Necessities of Life and Articles of Luxury

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61. Commodities

156V. The Promotion of the Transactions by the Circulation of Money

7I. The Two Factors of a Commodity: Use-Value and Value

157VI. The Constant Capital of Department I

8II. The Two-fold Character of the Labour Embodied in Commodities

158VII. Variable Capital and Surplus-Value in Both Departments

9III. The Form of Value or Exchange-Value

159VIII. The Constant Capital in both Departments

10IV. The Fetishism of Commodities and the Secret Thereof

160IX. A Retrospect on Adam Smith, Storch, and Ramsay

112. Exchange

161X. Variable Capital and Wages

123. Money, or the Circulation of Commodities

162XI. Reproduction of the Fixed Capital

13I. The Measure of Values

163XII. The Reproduction of the Money Supply

14II. The Medium of Circulation

164XIII. Destutt De Tracy's Theory of Reproduction

15III. Money

16521. Accumulation and Reproduction on an Enlarged Scale

16Part 2 - Transformation of Money into Capital

166I. Accumulation in Department I

174. The General Formula for Capital

167II. Accumulation in Department II

185. Contradictions in the General Formula of Capital

168III. Diagrammatic Presentation of Accumulation

196. The Buying and Selling of Labour-Power

169IV. Concluding Remarks

20Part 3 - The Production of Absolute Surplus-Value

170Part 1 - The Conversion Of Surplus-Value Into Profit And of the Rate Of Surplus-Value Into The Rate Of Profit.

217. The Labour-Process and the Process of Producing Surplus-Value

1711. Cost Price and Profit

22I. The Labour-Process or the Production of Use-Values

1722. The Rate of Profit

23II. The Production of Surplus-Value

1733. The Relation of the Rate of Profit to the Rate of Surplus-Value

248. Constant Capital and Variable Capital

1744. The Effect of the Turn-Over on the Rate of Profit

259. The Rate of Surplus-Value

1755. Economies in the Employment of Constant Capital

26I. The Degree of Exploitation of Labour-Power

176I. General Economies.

27II. The Representation of the Components of the Value of the Product

177II. Economies in the conditions of labor at the expense of the laborers.

28III. Senior’s “Last Hour”

178III. Economies in the Generation of Power, Transmission of Power, and Buildings.

29IV. Surplus-Produce

179IV. Utilisation of the Excrements of Production.

3010. The Working day

180V. Economies Due to Inventions.

31I. The Limits of the Working day

1816. The Effect of Fluctuations in Price

32II. The Greed for Surplus-Labor, Manufacturer and Boyard

182I. Fluctuations in the Price of Raw Materials, and their Direct Effects on the Rate of Profit.

33III. Branches of English Industry without Legal Limits to Exploitation

183II. Appreciation, Depreciation, Release, and Tie-up of Capital.

34IV. Day and Night Work. The Relay System

184III. General Illustration. The Cotton Crisis of 1861-1865.

35V. Compulsory Laws for the Extension of the Working Day (Mid 14th- End 17th Century)

1857. Additional Remarks

36VI. Compulsory Limitation by Law of the Working-Time

186Part 2 - Conversion of Profit into Average Profit

37VII. Reaction of the English Factory Acts on Other Countries

1878. Different Composition of Capitals

3811. Rate and Mass of Surplus-Value

1889. Average Rate of Profit and Transformation of the Values of Commodities into Prices Of Production

39Part 4 - Production of Relative Surplus-Value

18910. Market Prices and Market Values. Surplus-Profit

4012. The Concept of Relative Surplus-Value

19011. Effects of General Fluctuations of Wages on Prices of Production

4113. Co-operation

19112. Some After Remarks

4214. Division of Labour and Manufacture

192I. Causes Implying a Variation of the Price of Production.

43I. Two-Fold Origin of Manufacture

193II. Price of Production of Commodities of Average Composition.

44II. The Detail Labourer and his Implements

194III. Fluctuations for which the Capitalist makes Allowance.

45III. The Two Fundamental Forms of Manufacture

195Part 3 - The Law of the Falling Tendency of the Rate of Profit

46IV. Division of Labour in Manufacture, and Division of Labour in Society

19613. The Theory of the Law

47V. The Capitalistic Character of Manufacture

19714. Counteracting Causes

4815. Machinery and Modern Industry

198I. Raising the Intensity of Exploitation.

49I. The Development of Machinery

199II. Depression of Wages Below their Value.

50II. The Value Transferred by Machinery to the Product

200III. Cheapening of the Elements of Constant Capital.

51III. The Proximate Effects of Machinery on the Workman

201IV. Relative Overpopulation.

52IV. The Factory

202V. Foreign Trade.

53V. The Strife between Workman and Machine

203VI. The Increase of Stock Capital.

54VI. The Theory of Compensation as Regards the Workpeople Displaced by Machinery

20415. Unraveling the Internal Contradictions of the Law

55VII. Repulsion and Attraction of Workpeople by the Factory System

205I. General Remarks.

56VIII. Revolution Effected in Manufacture, Handicrafts, and Domestic Industry

206II. Conflict between the Expansion of Production and the Creation of Values.

57IX. The Factory Acts

207III. Surplus of Capital and Surplus of Population.

58X. Modern Industry and Agriculture

208IV. Supplementary Remarks.

59Part 5 - Production of Absolute and Relative Surplus-Value

209Part 4 - Transformation of Commodity-Capital and Money-Capital into Commercial Capital and Financial Capital

6016. Absolute and Relative Surplus-Value

21016. Commercial Capital

6117. Changes of Magnitude in the Price of Labour-Power and in Surplus-Value

21117. Commercial Profit

62I. Length of the Working day and Intensity of Labour Constant

21218. The Turn-Over of Merchant's Capital

63II. Working Day Constant

21319. Financial Capital

64III. Productiveness and Intensity of Labour Constant

21420. Historical Data Concerning Merchants' Capital

65IV. Simultaneous Variations in the Duration, Productiveness, and Intensity of Labour

215Part 5 - Division of Profit into Interest and Profits of Enterprise

6618. Various Formula for the rate of Surplus-Value

21621. The Interest-Bearing Capital.

67Part 6 - Wages

21722. Division of Profit. Rate of Interest. Natural Rate of Interest

6819. The Transformation of the Value and Respective Price of Labour-Power into Wages

21823. Interest and Profit of Enterprise

6920. Time-Wages

21924. Externalisation of the Relations of Capital in the Form of Interest-Bearing Capital

7021. Piece Wages

22025. Credit and Fictitious Capital

7122. National Differences of Wages

22126. Accumulation of Money-Capital. Its Influence On The Rate Of Interest

72Part 7 - The Accumulation of Capital

22227. The Role of Credit in Capitalist Production

7323. Simple Reproduction

22328. The Medium of Circulation and Capital. Tooke's and Fullarton's Conception.

7424. Conversion of Surplus-Value into Capital

22429. The Composition of Banking Capital.

75I. Capitalist Production on a Progressively Increasing Scale

22530. Money-Capital and Actual Capital - I

76II. Erroneous Conception

22631. Money-Capital and Actual Capital - II

77III. Separation of Surplus-Value into Capital and Revenue

22732. Money-Capital and Actual Capital - III

78IV. Circumstances that Determine the Amount of Accumulation

22833. The Currency under the Credit System.

79V. The So-Called Labour Fund

22934. The Currency Principle and the English Bank Laws of 1844.

8025. The General Law of Capitalist Accumulation

23035. Precious Metals and Rates Of Exchange.

81I. The Increased Demand for Labour Power that Accompanies Accumulation

231I. The Movements of the Gold Reserve.

82II. Relative Diminution of the Variable Part of Capital

232II. The Rate of Exchange.

83III. Progressive Production of a Relative Surplus Population or Industrial Reserve Army

233III. Rate of Exchange with Asia.

84IV. Different Forms of the Relative Surplus Population

234IV. England's Balance of Trade.

85V. Illustrations of the General Law of Capitalist Accumulation (pt. 1)

23536. Precapitalist Conditions.

86V. Illustrations of the General Law of Capitalist Accumulation (pt. 2)

236Interest in the Middle Ages.

87Part 8 - Primitive Accumulation

237Advantage of the Prohibition of Interest for the Church.

8826. The Secret of Primitive Accumulation

238Part 6 - Transformation of Surplus Profit into Ground-Rent

8927. Expropriation of the Agricultural Population from the Land

23937. Preliminaries

9028. Bloody Legislation against the Expropriated

24038. Differential Rent

9129. Genesis of the Capitalist Farmer

24139. The First Form of Differential Rent

9230. Reaction of the Agricultural Revolution on Industry

24240. The Second Form of Differential Rent

9331. The Genesis of the Industrial Capitalist

24341. First Case: Constant Price of Production

9432. Historical Tendency of Capitalist Accumulation

24442. Second Case: Falling Price of Production

9533. The Modern Theory of Colonisation (pt. 1)

245I. The Productivity of the Additional Investment of Capital Remains the Same.

9633. The Modern Theory of Colonisation (pt. 2)

246II. The Rate of Productivity of the Additional Capitals Decreases.

9733. The Modern Theory of Colonisation (pt. 3)

247III. The Rate of Productivity of the Additional Capitals Increases.

9833. The Modern Theory of Colonisation (pt. 4)

24843. Third Case: Rising Price of Production

991. The Circulation of Money-Capital

24944. Differential Rent Even Upon the Worst Soil under Cultivation

100I. First Stage. M-C

25045. Absolute Ground-Rent

101II. Second Stage. Functions of Productive Capital

25146. Building Lot Rent. Mining Rent. Price of Land

102III. Third Stage. C'-M'

25247. Genesis of Capitalist Ground-Rent

103IV. The Rotation as a Whole

253I. Introductory Remarks.

1042. The Rotation of Productive Capital

254II. Labor Rent.

105I. Simple Reproduction

255III. Rent in Kind.

106II. Accumulation and Reproduction on an Enlarged Scale

256IV. Money Rent.

107III. Accumulation of Money

257V. Share Farming (Metairie System) and Small Peasants' Property.

108IV. Reserve Funds

258Part 7 - The Revenues and their Sources

1093. The Circulation of Commodity-Capital

25948. The Trinitarian Formula

1104. The Three Diagrams of the Process of Circulation

260I.

1115. The Time of Circulation

261II.

1126. The Expenses of Circulation.

262III.

113I. Genuine Expenses of Circulation.

26349. A Contribution to the Analysis of the Process of Production

114II. Expenses of Storage.

26450. The Semblance of Competition

115III. Expenses of Transportation

26551. Conditions of Distribution and Production

116Part 2 - The Turn-Over of Capital

26652. The Classes

1177. The Period and Number of Turn-Overs

267Wage-Labor and Capital (1847)

1188. Fixed Capital and Circulating Capital

268Introduction

119I. Distinctions of Form

269Chapter 1 Preliminary

120II. Composition, Reproduction, Repair, and Accumulation of Fixed Capital

270Chapter 2 What Are Wages?

1219. The Total Turn-Over of Advanced Capital

271Chapter 3 By What is the Price of a Commodity Determined?

12210. Theories of Fixed and Circulating Capital. The Physiocrats and Adam Smith

272Chapter 4 By What Are Wages Determined?

12311. Theories of Fixed and Circulating Capital. Ricardo

273Chapter 5 The Nature and Growth of Capital

12412. The Working Period

274Chapter 6 Relation of Wage-labor to Capital

12513. The Time of Production

275Chapter 7 The General Law That Determines the Rise and Fall of Wages and Profits

12614. The Time of Circulation

276Chapter 8 The Interests of Capital and Wage-labor Are Diametrically Opposed -- Effect of Growth of Productive Capital on Wages

12715. Influence of the Time of Circulation on the Magnitude of an Advance of Capital

277Chapter 9 Effect of Capitalist Competition on the Capitalist Class, The Middle Class, and The Working Class

128I. The Working Period Equal to the Period of Circulation

278Wages, Price and Profit (1865)

129II. The Working Period Greater Than the Period of Circulation

279Preliminary

130III. The Working Period Smaller Than the Circulation Period

280I. Production and Wages

131IV. Conclusions

281II. Production, Wages, Profits

132V. The Effect of a Change of Prices

282III. Wages and Currency

13316. The Turn-Over of the Variable Capital

283IV. Supply and Demand

134I. The Annual Rate of Surplus-Value

284V. Wages and Prices

135II. The Turn-Over of the Individual Variable Capital

285VI. Value and Labour

136III. The Turn-Over of the Variable Capital, Considered from the Point of View of Society

286VII. Labouring Power

13717. The Circulation of Surplus-Value

287VIII. Production of Surplus Value

138I. Simple Reproduction

288IX. Value of Labour

139II. Accumulation and Reproduction on an Enlarged Scale

289X. Profit is Made by Selling a Commodity at its Value

140Part 3 - The Reproduction and Circulation of the Aggregate Social Capital

290XI. The Different Parts into Which Surplus Value is Decomposed

14118. Introduction

291XII. General Relation of Profits, Wages and Prices

142I. The Object of the Analysis

292XIII. Main Cases of Attempts at Raising Wages or Resisting Their Fall

143II. The Role of Money-Capital

293XIV. The Struggle Between Capital and Labour and its Results

14419. Former Discussions of the Subject

294The Communist Manifesto

145I. The Physiocrats

295PREFACE

146II. Adam Smith

296MANIFESTO OF THE COMMUNIST PARTY.

147III. Smith Resolves Exchange-Value into V Plus S

297I. BOURGEOIS AND PROLETARIANS.3

148IV. The Constant Portion of Capital.

298II. PROLETARIANS AND COMMUNISTS.

149V. Capital and Revenue in Adam Smith

299III. SOCIALIST AND COMMUNIST LITERATURE.

150VI. The Economists after Smith

300IV. POSITION OF THE COMMUNISTS IN RELATION TO THE VARIOUS EXISTING OPPOSITION PARTIES.

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