1Preface
934.4.5 Difference Between In-situ and Ex-situ Conservation
2Chapter - 1 Introduction to Environmental Biology
944.5 Biodiversity Hotspot
31.1 Basics of Environmental Biology
954.5.1 Threats and Conservation Efforts
41.1.1 Definition of Environmental Biology
964.5.2 India as a Mega Diversity Region
51.1.2 Environmental Biology: Scope and its Application
974.5.3 Biodiversity Hotspots in India
61.1.3 Need for Public Awareness
984.5.4 Biodiversity Hotspots in the World
71.1.4 Benefit of Environmental Biology
994.6 Value of Biodiversity
81.1.5 Process of Environmental Biology
1004.6.1 Consumptive Use-value
91.2 Environmental Harms
1014.6.2 Productive Use-value
101.2.1 Ozone Depletion, Greenhouse Effect, and Global Warming
1024.6.3 Social Values
111.2.2 Desertification
1034.6.4 Ethical and Moral Values
121.2.3 Deforestation
1044.6.5 Aesthetic Value
131.2.4 Loss of Biodiversity
1054.6.6 Option Value
141.2.5 Disposal of Wastes
1064.7 Monitoring Biodiversity
151.3 Environmental Ethics
1074.7.1 Multiple Goals of Biodiversity Monitoring
161.3.1 Frontier Ethic
1084.7.2 Monitoring Biodiversity in a Global Change
171.3.2 Sustainable Ethic
1094.8 Exercise
181.3.3 Land Ethic
1104.9 Further Readings
191.4 Environmental Sustainability
111Chapter - 5 Environmental Hazards & Human Health
201.4.1 Sustainable Agriculture
1125.1 Introduction
211.4.2 Sustainable Forestry
1135.2 Impacts of Environmental Conditions
221.5 Exercise
1145.2.1 Chemical Agents
231.6 Further Readings
1155.2.2 Environmental Persistence of DDT
24Chapter - 2 Ecosystems and the Biosphere
1165.3 Environmental Health
252.1 Introduction
1175.3.1 Definition of Environmental Health
262.2 Basics of Ecosystems
1185.3.2 Kinds of Environmental Hazards
272.3 Components of Ecosystem
1195.3.3 Areas of Environmental Health
282.3.1 Levels of Organization in an Ecosystem
1205.3.4 Environmental Health Issues
292.3.2 Energy and Matter Flow in Ecosystems
1215.3.5 Environmental Factors
302.3.3 Ecosystem Model
1225.3.6 Connection Between Work Environment and Health
312.3.4 Ecosystem Management
1235.4 Environmental Toxicology
322.4 Biogeochemical Cycles
1245.4.1 Environmental Contaminants
332.4.1 The Water Cycle
1255.4.2 An Overview of Some Common Contaminants
342.4.2 The Carbon Cycle
1265.4.3 Radiation
352.4.3 The Nitrogen Cycle
1275.5 Bioremediation
362.4.4 The Phosphorus Cycle
1285.5.1 Aerobic Bioremediation
372.4.5 The Sulfur Cycle
1295.5.2 Anaerobic Bacteria
382.5 Terrestrial Biomes
1305.5.3 Heavy Metals
392.5.1 Tropical Rainforests
1315.5.4 Type of Bioremediation
402.5.2 Savannas
1325.5.5 Advantages of Bioremediation
412.5.3 Subtropical Deserts
1335.5.6 Limitation of Bioremediation
422.5.4 Chaparral
1345.6 Exercise
432.5.5 Temperate Grasslands
1355.7 Further Readings
442.5.6 Temperate Forests
136Chapter - 6 Water Availability and Use
452.5.7 Boreal Forests
1376.1 Introduction
462.5.8 Arctic Tundra
1386.2 Water Cycle and Fresh Water Supply
472.6 Aquatic Biomes
1396.2.1 Water Reservoirs and Water Cycle
482.6.1 Marine Biomes
1406.2.2 Primary Fresh Water Resources: Precipitation
492.6.2 Freshwater Biomes
1416.2.3 Surface Water Resources: Rivers, Lakes, Glaciers
502.7 Exercise
1426.2.4 Groundwater Resources
512.8 Further Readings
1436.3 Water Supply Problems and Solutions
52Chapter - 3 Community & Population Ecology
1446.3.1 Water Supply Problems: Resource Depletion
533.1 Introduction
1456.3.2 Water Supply Crisis
543.2 Population Demographics and Dynamics: 3.2.1 Population Size and Density
1466.4 Water Pollution
553.3 Population Growth and Regulation
1476.4.1 Types of Water Pollution
563.3.1 Population Growth
1486.4.2 Causes of Water Pollution
573.3.2 Logistic Growth
1496.4.3 Most Common Waste in Water
583.3.3 Life Tables and the Rate of Population Growth
1506.4.4 Water Pollution Control
593.4 Factors Affecting the Population
1516.5 Water Treatment: 6.5.1 Clean Water Act
603.4.1 Density-independent Factors
1526.6 Exercise
613.4.2 Density-dependent Factors
1536.7 Further Readings
623.5 Human Population
154Chapter - 7 Air Pollution, Climate Change, & Ozone Depletion
633.5.1 Human Population Growth
1557.1 Introduction
643.5.2 Age Structure, Population Growth, and Economic Development
1567.2 Atmospheric Pollution
653.5.3 Long-term Consequences of Exponential Human Population Growth
1577.2.1 Sources of Air Pollution
663.6 Community Ecology
1587.2.2 Six Common Air Pollutants
673.6.1 Predation and Herbivory
1597.2.3 Indoor Air Pollution
683.6.2 Competitive Exclusion Principle
1607.2.4 Kinds of Air Pollutants
693.6.3 Symbiosis
1617.2.5 Disastrous Effects of Air pollution
703.6.4 Characteristics of Communities
1627.3 Ozone Depletion
713.6.5 Community Dynamics
1637.3.1 The Ozone Layer
723.6.6 Landscape Ecology
1647.3.2 Composition of the Ozone Layer
733.7 Exercise
1657.3.3 Reason for Ozone Layer is Necessary
743.8 Further Readings
1667.3.4 Causes of Ozone Layer Depletion
754 Conservation & Biodiversity
1677.3.5 Ozone Hole
764.1 Introduction
1687.3.6 Consequences of Ozone Layer Depletion
774.2 Basic Concept of Biodiversity
1697.3.7 CFCs
784.2.1 Definition of Biodiversity
1707.3.8 Ozone Protection
794.2.2 Types of Biodiversity
1717.4 Acid Rain
804.2.3 Importance of Biodiversity
1727.4.1 Causes of Acid Rain
814.2.4 Causes of Biodiversity Losses
1737.4.2 Effects of Acid Rain
824.2.5 Reasons for Loss of Biodiversity
1747.4.3 Connection between Acid Rain and Sulfuric Acid
834.2.6 Ways How We Can Protect Biodiversity
1757.4.4 Solutions of Acid Rain
844.3 Threats to Biodiversity
1767.5 Global Climate Change
854.3.1 Habitat Loss
1777.5.1 Earth’s Temperature is a Balancing Act
864.3.2 Poaching of Wildlife
1787.5.2 The Greenhouse Effect Causes the Atmosphere to Retain Heat
874.3.3 Man-Wildlife Conflict
1797.5.3 Different Causes of Climate Change
884.4 Conservation of Biodiversity
1807.5.4 Difference between Climate Change and Global Warming
894.4.1 Connection Between Biodiversity and Conservation
1817.6 Exercise
904.4.2 Reason to Conserve Biodiversity
1827.7 Further Readings
914.4.3 Strategies for Conservation of Biodiversity
183Glossary
924.4.4 Conservation Methods
184Index
