The Economic Aspect of Geology
Unveiling the Economic Influence of Geological ForcesBy C. K. Leith
Length19h 33m
About this audiobook
In "The Economic Aspect of Geology," C. K. Leith explores the intricate relationship between geological principles and economic development, synthesizing scientific rigor with practical application. This seminal work employs a clear, analytical literary style conducive to both academic inquiry and lay understanding, placing geology within the broader socio-economic context. Leith's investigation spans mineral resources, energy production, and land use, offering readers insights into the geological foundations that underpin industrial growth and societal advancement, making it a pivotal text for geologists, economists, and policy-makers alike. C. K. Leith, a prominent geologist and educator, was instrumental in advancing the understanding of geology's economic implications during a time of significant industrial expansion. His diverse experiences, including field studies and work with governmental and educational institutions, shaped his perspective on the vital role of geology in resource management. Leith's commitment to connecting scientific disciplines with practical decision-making reflects the pressing needs of his era and leads him to produce works that are still relevant today. This book is highly recommended for readers seeking a deeper comprehension of how geological factors influence economic landscapes. Whether you are a student, academic, or professional in related fields, Leith'Äôs insightful analysis provides essential perspectives that encourage critical thinking about the sustainable use of Earth's resources and the interconnectedness of our economic systems.
Audiobook details
GenreBusiness and Economics
Length19 hrs 33 mins
Narrated byListen with 1,000+ voices
FormateBook with Audio
Publish dateDec 6, 2019
LanguageEnglish
Table of contents
1CHAPTER I
174Geologic Features
2INTRODUCTION
175SILVER ORES
3SURVEY OF FIELD
176Economic Features
4ECONOMIC APPLICATIONS OF THE SEVERAL BRANCHES OF GEOLOGY AND OF OTHER SCIENCES
177Geologic Features
5Mineralogy and Petrology
178PLATINUM ORES
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6Stratigraphy and Paleontology
179Economic Features
7Structural Geology
180Geologic Features: FOOTNOTES:
8Physiography
181CHAPTER XII
9Rock Alterations or Metamorphism
182MISCELLANEOUS METALLIC MINERALS
10Application of Other Sciences
183ALUMINUM ORES
11TREATMENT OF THE SUBJECT IN THIS VOLUME
184Economic Features
12CHAPTER II
185Geologic Features
13THE COMMON ELEMENTS, MINERALS, AND ROCKS OF THE EARTH AND THEIR ORIGINS
186ANTIMONY ORES
14RELATIVE ABUNDANCE OF THE PRINCIPAL ELEMENTS OF THE LITHOSPHERE
187Economic Features
15RELATIVE ABUNDANCE OF THE PRINCIPAL MINERALS OF THE LITHOSPHERE
188Geologic Features
16RELATIVE ABUNDANCE OF THE PRINCIPAL ROCKS OF THE LITHOSPHERE
189ARSENIC ORES
17Soils and Clays
190Economic Features
18Water (Hydrosphere)
191Geologic Features
19COMPARISON OF LISTS OF MOST ABUNDANT ROCKS AND MINERALS WITH COMMERCIAL ROCKS AND MINERALS
192BISMUTH ORES
20THE ORIGIN OF COMMON ROCKS AND MINERALS
193Economic Features
21Igneous Processes
194Geologic Features
22Weathering of Igneous Rocks and Veins
195CADMIUM ORES
23Sedimentary Processes
196Economic Features
24Weathering of Sedimentary Rocks
197Geologic Features
25Consolidation, Cementation, and Other Subsurface Alterations of Rocks.
198COBALT ORES
26THE METAMORPHIC CYCLE AS AN AID IN STUDYING MINERAL DEPOSITS: FOOTNOTES:
199Economic Features
27CHAPTER III
200Geologic Features
28SOME SALIENT FEATURES OF THE GEOLOGY AND CLASSIFICATION OF MINERAL DEPOSITS
201MERCURY (QUICKSILVER) ORES
29VARIOUS METHODS OF CLASSIFICATION
202Economic Features
30NAMES
203Geologic Features
31MINERAL DEPOSITS AS MAGMATIC SEGREGATIONS IN IGNEOUS ROCKS
204TIN ORES
32MINERAL DEPOSITS WITHIN AND ADJACENT TO IGNEOUS ROCKS WHICH WERE FORMED IMMEDIATELY AFTER THE COOLING AND CRYSTALLIZATION OF THE MAGMAS THROUGH THE AGENCY OF HOT MAGMATIC SOLUTIONS.
205Economic Features
33Evidence of Igneous Source
206Geologic Features
34Possible Influence of Meteoric Waters in Deposition of Ores of This Class
207URANIUM AND RADIUM ORES
35Zonal Arrangement of Minerals Related to Igneous Rocks
208Economic Features
36The Relation of Contact Metamorphism to Ore Bodies of the Foregoing Class.
209Geologic Features
37SECONDARY CONCENTRATION IN PLACE OF THE FOREGOING CLASSES OF MINERAL DEPOSITS THROUGH THE AGENCY OF SURFACE SOLUTIONS
210CHAPTER XIII
38RESIDUAL MINERAL DEPOSITS FORMED BY THE WEATHERING OF IGNEOUS ROCKS IN PLACE
211MISCELLANEOUS NON-METALLIC MINERALS
39MINERAL DEPOSITS FORMED DIRECTLY AS PLACERS AND SEDIMENTS
212NATURAL ABRASIVES
40Mechanically Deposited Minerals
213Economic Features
41Chemically and Organically Deposited Minerals
214Geologic Features
42SEDIMENTARY MINERAL DEPOSITS WHICH HAVE REQUIRED FURTHER CONCENTRATION TO MAKE THEM COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE
215ASBESTOS
43ANAMORPHISM OF MINERAL DEPOSITS
216Economic Features
44CONCLUSION: FOOTNOTES:
217Geologic Features
45CHAPTER IV
218BARITE (BARYTES)
46MINERAL RESOURCES—SOME GENERAL QUANTITATIVE CONSIDERATIONS
219Economic Features
47WORLD ANNUAL PRODUCTION OF MINERALS IN SHORT TONS
220Geologic Features
48WORLD ANNUAL PRODUCTION OF MINERALS IN TERMS OF VALUE
221BORAX
49SIGNIFICANCE OF GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF MINERAL PRODUCTION
222Economic Features
50THE INCREASING RATE OF PRODUCTION
223Geologic Features
51CAPITAL VALUE OF WORLD MINERAL RESERVES
224BROMINE
52POLITICAL AND COMMERCIAL CONTROL OF MINERAL RESOURCES
225Economic Features
53RESERVES OF MINERAL RESOURCES: FOOTNOTES:
226Geologic Features
54CHAPTER V
227FULLER'S EARTH
55WATER AS A MINERAL RESOURCE
228Economic Features
56GENERAL GEOLOGIC RELATIONS
229Geologic Features
57DISTRIBUTION OF UNDERGROUND WATER
230GRAPHITE (PLUMBAGO)
58Approximate Quantity of Water which will be Absorbed by Soils and Rocks1
231Economic Features
59MOVEMENT OF UNDERGROUND WATER
232Geologic Features
60WELLS AND SPRINGS
233GYPSUM
61COMPOSITION OF UNDERGROUND WATERS
234Economic Features
62RELATION OF GEOLOGY TO UNDERGROUND WATER SUPPLY
235Geologic Features
63SURFACE WATER SUPPLIES
236MICA
64UNDERGROUND AND SURFACE WATERS IN RELATION TO EXCAVATION AND CONSTRUCTION: FOOTNOTES:
237Economic Features
65CHAPTER VI
238Geologic Features
66THE COMMON ROCKS AND SOILS AS MINERAL RESOURCES
239MONAZITE (THORIUM AND CERIUM ORES)
67ECONOMIC FEATURES OF THE COMMON ROCKS
240Economic Features
68Granite
241Geologic Features
69Basalt and Related Types
242PRECIOUS STONES
70Limestone, Marl, Chalk
243Economic Features
71Marble
244Geologic Features
72Sand, Sandstone, Quartzite (and Quartz)
245SALT
73"Sand and Gravel"
246Economic Features
74Clay, Shale, Slate
247Geologic Features
75The Feldspars
248TALC AND SOAPSTONE
76Hydraulic Cement (including Portland, natural, and Puzzolan cements)
249Economic Features
77GEOLOGIC FEATURES OF THE COMMON ROCKS
250Geologic Features
78Building Stone
251CHAPTER XIV
79Crushed Stone
252EXPLORATION AND DEVELOPMENT
80Stone for Metallurgical Purposes
253The General Relations of the Geologist To Exploration And Development
81Clay
254Partly Explored Versus Virgin Territories
82Limitations of Geologic Field in Commercial Investigation Of Common Rocks
255The Use of All Available Information
83SOILS AS A MINERAL RESOURCE
256Coöperation in Exploration
84Origin of Soils
257Economic Factors in Exploration
85Composition of Soils and Plant Growth
258Geologic Factors in Exploration
86Use of Geology in Soil Study: FOOTNOTES:
259Mineral Provinces and Epochs
87CHAPTER VII
260Classification of Mineral Lands
88THE FERTILIZER GROUP OF MINERALS
261Outcrops of Mineral Deposits
89GENERAL COMMENTS
262Some Illustrative Cases
90NITRATES
263Topography and Climate As Aids in Searching for Mineral Outcrops
91Economic Features
264Size and Depth of Ore Bodies As Determined From Outcrop
92Geologic Features
265The Use of Placers in Tracing Mineral Outcrops
93PHOSPHATES
266The Use of Magnetic Surveys in Tracing Mineral Ledges
94Economic Features
267The Use of Electrical Conductivity and Other Qualities Of Rocks in Exploration
95Geologic Features
268The Use of Structure and Metamorphism in Exploration
96PYRITE
269Drilling in Exploration
97Economic Features
270Quantitative Aspects of Geologic Exploration
98Geologic Features
271Origin of Mineral Deposits As a Factor in Exploration
99SULPHUR
272Lake Superior Iron Ore Exploration As an Illustration
100Economic Features
273Development and Exploitation of Mineral Deposits: FOOTNOTES:
101Geologic Features
274CHAPTER XV
102POTASH
275VALUATION AND TAXATION OF MINERAL RESOURCES
103Economic Features
276POPULAR CONCEPTION OF MINERAL VALUATION
104Geologic Features: FOOTNOTES:
277VALUATION AND TAXATION OF MINES
105CHAPTER VIII
278Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors in Valuation
106THE ENERGY RESOURCES—COAL, OIL, GAS (AND ASPHALT)
279Values of Mineral Deposits Not Often Established By Market Transfers
107COAL
280The Ad Valorem Method of Valuation
108Economic Features
281Other Methods of Mineral Valuation and Taxation
109Geologic Features
282GENERAL COMMENTS ON TAXATION OF MINERAL RESOURCES
110PETROLEUM
283CHAPTER XVI
111Economic Features
284LAWS RELATING TO MINERAL RESOURCES
112Geologic Features
285LAWS RELATING TO OWNERSHIP AND CONTROL OF MINERAL RESOURCES
113OIL SHALES
286On Alienated Lands
114NATURAL GAS
287On the Public Domain
115Economic Features
288Nationalization of Mineral Resources
116Geologic Features
289Effect of Ownership Laws on Exploration
117ASPHALT AND BITUMEN
290Use of Geology in Relation To Ownership Laws
118Economic Features
291II
119Geologic Features: FOOTNOTES:
292LAWS RELATING TO EXTRACTION OF MINERAL RESOURCES
120CHAPTER IX
293III
121MINERALS USED IN THE PRODUCTION OF IRON AND STEEL (THE FERRO-ALLOY GROUP)
294LAWS RELATING TO DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORTATION OF MINERAL RESOURCES
122GENERAL FEATURES
295IV
123IRON ORES
296OTHER RELATIONS OF GEOLOGY TO LAW
124Economic Features
297CHAPTER XVII
125Geologic Features
298CONSERVATION OF MINERAL RESOURCES
126MANGANESE ORES
299THE PROBLEM
127Economic Features
300DIFFERENCES BETWEEN PRIVATE AND PUBLIC EFFORTS IN CONSERVATION
128Geologic Features
301THE INTEREST RATE AS A GUIDE IN CONSERVATION
129CHROME (OR CHROMITE) ORES
302ANTI-CONSERVATIONAL EFFECTS OF WAR
130Economic Features
303CONSERVATION OF COAL
131Geologic Features
304Measures Introduced or Proposed to Conserve Coal
132NICKEL ORES
305Division of Responsibility Between Government and Private Interests in the Conservation of Coal
133Economic Features
306CONSERVATION OF MINERALS OTHER THAN COAL: FOOTNOTES:
134Geologic Features
307CHAPTER XVIII
135TUNGSTEN (WOLFRAM) ORES
308INTERNATIONAL ASPECTS OF MINERAL RESOURCES
136Economic Features
309WORLD MOVEMENT OF MINERALS
137Geologic Features
310Movement of Minerals Under Pre-war Conditions of International Trade
138MOLYBDENUM ORES
311Changes During the War
139Economic Features
312Post-war Condition of the Mineral Trade
140Geologic Features
313TENDENCIES TOWARD INTERNATIONAL COÖPERATION AND POSSIBILITY OF INTERNATIONAL CONTROL[59] OF MINERALS
141VANADIUM ORES
314Methods of International Coöperation
142Economic Features
315CONSERVATION IN ITS INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
143Geologic Features
316EXPLORATION IN ITS INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
144ZIRCONIUM ORES
317VALUATION IN ITS INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
145Economic Features
318RELATIVE POSITION OF THE UNITED STATES IN REGARD TO SUPPLIES OF MINERALS
146Geologic Features
319THE COAL AND IRON SITUATION OF WESTERN EUROPE UNDER THE TERMS OF THE PEACE TREATY
147TITANIUM ORES
320CONCLUSION
148Economic Features
321LITERATURE: FOOTNOTES:
149Geologic Features
322CHAPTER XIX
150MAGNESITE
323GEOLOGY AND WAR
151Economic Features
324GEOLOGY BEHIND THE FRONT
152Geologic Features
325GEOLOGY AT THE FRONT[63]
153FLUORSPAR
326EFFECT OF THE WAR ON THE SCIENCE OF ECONOMIC GEOLOGY: FOOTNOTES:
154Economic Features
327CHAPTER XX
155Geologic Features
328GEOLOGY AND ENGINEERING CONSTRUCTION
156SILICA
329FOUNDATIONS
157Economic Features
330SURFACE WATERS
158Geologic Features: FOOTNOTES:
331TUNNELS
159CHAPTER X
332SLIDES
160COPPER, LEAD, AND ZINC MINERALS
333SUBSIDENCE
161COPPER ORES
334RAILWAY BUILDING
162Economic Features
335ROAD BUILDING
163Geologic Features
336GEOLOGY IN ENGINEERING COURSES: FOOTNOTES:
164LEAD ORES
337CHAPTER XXI
165Economic Features
338THE TRAINING, OPPORTUNITIES, AND ETHICS OF THE ECONOMIC GEOLOGIST
166Geologic Features
339PURE VERSUS APPLIED SCIENCE
167ZINC ORES
340COURSE OF STUDY SUGGESTED
168Economic Features
341Field Work
169Geologic Features: FOOTNOTES:
342Specialization in Studies
170CHAPTER XI
343A Degree of Economic Geology
171GOLD, SILVER, AND PLATINUM MINERALS
344THE OPPORTUNITIES OF THE ECONOMIC GEOLOGIST
172GOLD ORES
345ETHICS OF THE ECONOMIC GEOLOGIST
173Economic Features
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