1Top R&D pharmaceutical companies: Research and development trends
825.6 Exercise
21.2 Plants used
83References
3Random approach
84Figure Resource
4Ethnopharmacology approach
85Cancer Chemotherapy and the Role of Natural Products
5Traditional system of medicine approach
86Cancer Chemotherapeutic Agents Derived from Terrestrial Plants
6Zoo-Pharmacognosy Approach
87Importance of pharmacognosy
7Parallel approach
886.1 Usage of natural products in drugs
8Sequential approach
896.2 Success of natural products
91.3 Preparation methods
906.3 Bioactive molecules from herbal plants
10Product Preparation
916.4 Summary
11Anti-microbial Effects
92Plant secondary metabolites as drugs
121.4 Summary
93Collection and identification of plant species
131.5 Exercise
946.5 Exercise
14References
95References
15Figure Resource
96Figure Resource
162.1 Usage of Ethnobotany and pharmacognosy
977.1 Introduction
17The history and application of Ayurvedic herbs
98Plants, Human Health, and Civilization
18Ayurveda and their significant role in the healthcare system
99Plants and the Environment
19Ethnobotanical field research yields rich sets of anthropological data
100Unique and Scientifically Interesting Properties of Plants
20Ethnobotanical field research yields rich sets of biological data
101Development
212.2 Medicinal plants usage: Importance of some herbs with their medicinal values
102Biochemistry
222.3 Drug development
103Physiology
232.4 Summary
104Plants and Global Warming
242.5 Exercise
105Plants in Agriculture, Medicine, and Industry
25References
106Plants and the Origins of Modern Biology
26Traditional Medicines
107Natural product sources
27Kampo is the TM of Japan.
1087.2 Investigations on plants
283.1 Drugs from plant source
109Detailed Stages of Drug Development
293.2 Herbal plants formulae
110Product Characterization
303.3 Alkaloid compounds
111Formulation, Delivery, Packaging Development
313.4 Summary
112Pharmacokinetics and Drug Disposition
323.5 Exercise
113Preclinical Toxicology Testing and IND Application
33References
114• Acute Studies
34Figure Resource
115• Repeated Dose Studies
354.1 Introduction
116• Genetic Toxicity Studies
364.2 Market Demands of Medicinal Plants
117• Reproductive Toxicity Studies
374.3 Plant-Derived Anti-Diabetic Agents
118• Carcinogenicity Studies
384.4 Plant-Derived Drugs from Chinese Herbal
119• Toxicokinetic Studies
39Remedies and Other Systems of Traditional
120Bioanalytical Testing
40Medicine
121Clinical Trials
414.5 Chinese Traditional Medicine
122Phase I Clinical Development (Human Pharmacology)
424.6 Source of medicines
123Phase II Clinical Development (Therapeutic Exploratory)
434.7 Drug delivery system
124Phase III Clinical Development (Therapeutic Confirmatory)
44Passive targeting
1257.4 Extraction, purification, and analysis
45Active targeting
126Maceration
464.8 Synthetic drug molecules
127Percolation
47Types of synthetic drugs
128Reflux extraction
48• ‘herbal highs’ or ‘party pills’
129 of the unmatched availability of chemical
49• Synthetic cannabinoids
130diversity
50Reported effects of synthetic cannabis include:: • Research chemicals and drug analogs
1317.6 Summary
51Generating molecular graphs
1327.7 Exercise
52Valid and more potent
133References
534.9 Summary
134Figure Resource
544.10 Exercise
135Stimulants
55References
136Antidepressants
56Figure Resource
1378.1 Chromotherapy
575.1 Various plants used by different countries
138Curative colors
58in drug preparations
139Red
595.2 Anti-cancer drugs: Common side effects of chemotherapy
140Orange
605.3 Plant to pill
141Yellow
61The Stages of Developing a Drug
142Green
62Target Identification and Validation
143Blue
63Hit Identification and Validation
144Indigo
64Hit-to-Lead and Lead Optimization
145Purple
65Candidate Selection
146Chromotherapy for healing the body
663. Preclinical Research
1478.2 Drug delivery system: Delivery Vehicles
673. Investigational New Drug Application
1488.3 Pharmacokinetics
68• Investigator
149Liberation
69• Emergency use
150Absorption
70•Treatment
151Distribution
71• Clinical Research
152Useful pharmacokinetic parameters
72Phase I
153Metabolism
73Phase II
154Excretion
74Phase III
155Pharmacokinetic Values
755. Regulatory Review, Approval, and Post-Marketing Safety Surveillance
156Pharmacokinetic Studies
76New Drug Application
1578.4 Extracts of medicinal plants
77Biologics License Application
1588.5 Summary: Human African Trypanosomiasis (Sleeping Sickness)
78Product Launch
1598.6 Exercise
79Post-marketing Safety Surveillance
160References
80Phase IV
161Figure Resource
815.5 Summary: Exploring Trends in Chemical Diversity
