Nation-State Cyber Offensive Capabilities
an in-depth look into a multipolar dimensionBy Eduardo Izycki
Length4h 31m
About this audiobook
One of the most striking features of the 21st century is the widespread adoption of information technology in every aspect of the modern life of individuals, society, or nation-states.
When compared to land, sea, air, and space, cyberspace has unique features. Its ""geography"" is easily modified, oceans and mountains are hard to be changed, but entire cyberspace regions can be turned on or off with a button click. Moreover, anonymity, the low cost of acquiring or developing offensive capabilities, and the plausible deniability of actions have turned this dimension into a theater of operations for nation-states.
This book does not focus on the worst-case scenario where cyber offensive actions will revolutionize war. Instead, it intends to provide empirical analysis regarding the current state of cyber conflict. This book presents evidence of 29 countries engaging in state-sponsored actions and 85 nations acquiring cyber offensive technologies from private vendors. The numbers challenge the average perception of concentration of cyber capabilities in a few ""traditional"" actors.
Cyberspace provides alternatives for the bargaining and interactions to nation-states below the threshold of the use of force. As a result, actors can achieve strategic outcomes and influence the balance of power without resorting to an armed attack and minimizing the risk of a military or nuclear response from their targets.
Audiobook details
GenreEducation and Learning
Length4 hrs 31 mins
Narrated byListen with 1,000+ voices
FormateBook with Audio
Publish dateJan 31, 2022
LanguageEnglish
Table of contents
1Introduction
21. INTRODUCTION
32. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
43. LITERATURE REVIEW
54. RESEARCH QUESTIONS
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65. METHODOLOGY
75.1. RESEARCH LIMITATIONS
85.2. TECHNICAL REPORTS AND INDEPENDENT STUDIES
95.3. DATA BREACHES
105.4. REPORT FROM EXPORTS CONTROLS
115.5. PROCESSING THE DATA COLLECTED
125.6. THE CLASSIFICATION AND ENTITY RECOGNITION
135.7. PARSING STRUCTURED DATA
145.8. THREAT ACTORS AND DOCUMENT CLUSTERING
155.9. MERGING THE DATASETS
166. OVERARCHING RESULTS
177. NATION-STATE CYBER OFFENSIVE ACTIONS
187.1. THREAT ACTORS
197.2. INDIGENOUS TECHNOLOGY OR OUTSOURCING
207.3. TARGET’S GEOGRAPHICAL DISPERSION
217.4. PREFERRED TARGETED SECTORS
227.5. ACTIONS COMPLEXITY
237.6. ATTACKS OBJECTIVES
248. CYBER OFFENSIVE CAPABILITIES ACQUISITION
258.1. MULTIPLE ACQUISITIONS
268.2. CUSTOMERS
279. DISCUSSION
289.1. DIFFUSION (NOT EQUALITY) OF CYBER OFFENSIVE CAPABILITIES
299.2. GEOGRAPHY MATTERS
309.3. PROFILING NATION-STATE BEHAVIOR
319.4. BUILDING CYBER OFFENSIVE CAPABILITIES
329.5. CORRELATING CYBER OFFENSIVE CAPABILITIES AND AUTHORITARIANISM
339.6. IS THE BEST DEFENSE A GOOD OFFENSE?
349.7. MULTIPOLARITY IN CYBERSPACE
3510. CONCLUSIONS
3611. REFERENCES
37APPENDIX A - CYBER CAPABILITIES PROVIDERS
38APPENDIX B - CYBER CAPABILITIES PURCHASES
39APPENDIX C - COUNTRIES PROFILES
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