11.1 The Discipline of Microbial Nanotechnology
150Fungus/Animal Mutualism
21.1.1 The World of ‘Microbiology.’
151Fungivores
31.1.2 The Boom of Nanotechnology
1524.2 Synthesis of Nanoparticles by Fungi
41.1.3 Science and Technology of Microbiology and Nanotechnology
1534.2.1 Silver Nanoparticle Production
5Applications of nanotechnology in water microbiology
154Physical methods
6Applications of nanotechnology in food microbiology
155Chemical methods
7Applications of nanotechnology in medical biology and immunology
156Bio-based methods
8Biosynthesis of nanomaterials using microorganisms
1574.2.2 Gold Nanoparticle Production
91.2 Microbial Diversity
1584.2.3 Analytical techniques
101. Revealing Microbial Diversity
159Visual observations
112. The Concept of Microbial Species:
160Analytical tools
123. Significance of Study of Microbial Diversity
1614.3 Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Mediated
134. Microbial Evolution
162by Fungi
141.2.1 Applications of Microbial Diversity
1634.3.1 Biogenic Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles
151.2.2 Acellular Microbes
1644.3.2 Biogenic Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Mediated by Fungi
16Viruses
1654.3.3 Synthesis Mechanisms: How Does Extracellular Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by Fungi Occur?
17Origin of Viruses
1664.3.4 Optimization of Silver Nanoparticles Synthesis
18Bacteriophages
167Effect of Temperature
19Animal Viruses
168Effect of pH
20Latent Virus Infections
169Effect of AgNO3 Concentration
21Antiviral Agents
170Effect of the Culture Medium
22Oncogenic Viruses
171Effect of the Quantity of Biomass
23Human Immunodeficiency Virus
1724.3.5 Importance of Capping and Stabilization of the Nanoparticles
24Mimivirus
1734.3.6 Applications
25Plant Viruses
174Health Applications
26Viroids and Prions
175Agriculture and Pest Control Applications
271.2.3 The Domain of Bacteria
1764.4 Self-Assessment
28Cell Morphology
1775.1 Mechanism of Green Algae
29Motility
1785.1.1 Flagellate Green Algae
30Colony Morphology
1795.1.2 Streptophytes and Reproduction of Green Algae
31Atmospheric Requirements
1805.1.3 Charales
32Nutritional Requirements
1815.1.4 The Cell Walls of Green Algae
33Biochemical and Metabolic Activities
182The Prasinophyceaen Matrix: Subtle to the Spectacular!
34Pathogenicity
183Chlorodendrophyceae: Walls from a Fusion
35Genetic Composition
184Trebouxiophyceae: Walls of Unusual Polymers
36Unique Bacteria
185Chlorophyceae: Glycoproteins and Cellulose
37Rickettsias, Chlamydias, and Closely Related Bacteria
186Ulvophyceae: Sulfated Polysaccharides, Fibrillar Polymers, and Glycoproteins
38Mycoplasmas
187Charophyceae: Cell Walls and the Origin of Land Plants
39Especially Large and Especially Small Bacteria
1885.1.5 Mini Power Plants from Coated Blue-Green Algae
40Photosynthetic Bacteria
189Perfect architecture
411.3 Nanotechnology: A Valuable Strategy to
190Sophisticated raw materials cycle
42Improve Bacteriocin Formulations
1915.2 Microalgal: Prospects and Applications
431.3.1 Advantages of Nanoformulated Bacteriocins
1925.2.1 Microalgal bioactive compounds
441.3.2 Nanotechnological Approaches Used in Bacteriocin Formulations
1935.2.2 Characteristics and uses
45Encapsulation in Lipid-Based Nanoparticles: Nanoliposomes
1945.2.3 Applications and Products from microalgae
46Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLN)
195Food
47The Use of Carbohydrate-Based Nanoparticles
196Feed
48Chitosan/Alginate Nanoparticles
1975.2.4 Agricultural Purposes: Mitigation of CO2: Why algae for CO2 sequestration?
49Phytoglycogen Nanoparticles
1985.3 Microalgal Biotechnology: Integration
50Conjugation with Nanosized Metals: Conjugation with Gold Nanoparticles
199and Production
51Conjugation with Silver Nanoparticles
2005.3.1 Integration in Microalgal Biotechnology
521.3.3 Incorporation into Polymeric Nanofibers
2015.3.2 Integration on the process level
531.4 Self-Assessment
2025.3.3 Integration on the metabolic level
542.1 Prospects of Microbial Nanotechnology
2035.3.4 Integration into environmental conditions
552.1.1 Nanotechnology in Food Microbiology
2045.3.5 Adaptation to cultural realities
562.1.2 Nanotechnology in Medical Biology
2055.3.6 Microalgal Production Systems
572.1.3 Nanotechnology in Water Microbiology
206An Approach to Microalgal Production Systems for Commodities
582.1.4 Towards a Large-Scale Applicability: Knowledge, Issues, and Potentiality
207End products and formulation
59Nanoparticles Dispersion and Capping Layers
2085.4 Biotechnological Applications of Microalgae
60Cell Culture Conditions
2095.4.1 Microalgae as food and dietary supplements
61Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Genetics
2105.4.2 Use of microalgae for biodiesel production
622.2 Antimicrobial Peptides and Nanotechnology:
2115.4.3 Applications of microalgae in environmental biotechnology
63Advances and Challenges
2125.5 Self-Assessment
642.2.1 Nanotechnology Involvement in the Delivery of Antimicrobial Peptides
2136.1 Mechanism of Nanotechnology in Microbial
65Antimicrobial Peptides in Passive Nano Delivery Systems
214Food Safety
66Cyclosporin A
2156.1.1 Application of Antimicrobial Nanodisperse Systems in Food Industry
67Nisin
216Preservation
68Vancomycin
217Inhibition of biofilm formation
69Polymyxin
218Packaging
70Supplementary Antimicrobial Peptides Involved in Passive Nano Delivery Systems
2196.1.2 Application of nanotechnology-based microbial sensors in food analysis
712.2.2 Antimicrobial Peptides in Targeted Nano Delivery Systems
220Biosensors for specific detection of bacteria
722.2.3 Challenges and Limitations of Antimicrobial Peptides and Nanotechnology
221Sensors to detect biofilm formation by bacteria on surfaces
732.3 Microbial Nanotechnology for Industrial
222Sensors based on inhibition of bacterial viability on surfaces
74Wastewater
2236.1.3 Cellular and ecotoxicological effects of nanoparticles from the aspects of food safety
752.3.1 Nanotechnology in Wastewater Treatment
2246.2 Application of Nanotechnology in Food Science
762.3.2 Nano-Adsorbents and Nanofiltration Membranes
2256.2.1 Nanotechnology in Food Processing
772.3.3 Microorganisms Assisted Nanotechnology
226Texture, Taste, and Appearance of Food
782.3.4 Nanotechnology and Enzyme Technology
227Nutritional Value
792.3.5 Valorization of Waste Using Microorganisms and Nanotechnology
228Preservation or Shelf-Life
802.3.6 Microbial-Mediated Biosynthesis of Nanomaterials for Sensoristic and Biomedical Applications
2296.2.2 Nanotechnology in Food Packaging
81Bacteria
2306.2.3 Nanosensors for Pathogen Detection
82Yeasts and Molds
2316.2.4 Safety Issues
83Microalgae
2326.3 Nanotechnology Approaches in
842.4 Self-Assessment
233Microbiological food safety and quality
853.1 Bacteria: Activities Structure and Classification
2346.3.1 Current approaches to food safety
863.1.1 Special Activities of Bacteria
2356.3.2 Emerging Nano-enabled approaches along the food chain
87The Gram Reaction
2366.3.3 Nano-enabled antimicrobial food contact surfaces
88The Modes of Motion: Flagellar Movement
2376.3.4 Food Packaging
893.1.2 The Structure of Bacteria
2386.3.5 Nano-enabled sensors
903.1.3 Classification of Bacteria by Shapes and Characteristics
2396.3.6 Engineered Water Nanostructures (EWNS)
91Classification of Bacteria by Cell Wall
2406.3.7 EHS Implications of Nanomaterials
92Classification of Bacteria by Shape or Cell Structure
2416.3.8 Regulatory framework for nanomaterial’s in food
93Classification of Bacteria Based on Flagella Presence
2426.4 Self-Assessment
94Classification Based On Temperature Dependence
2437.1 Interactions with Microbial Pathogens
95Classification Based On Oxygen Requirement
2447.1.1 Bacterial Infections of the Intestine
963.2 Application of Nanotechnology to Control
245Enterococcus faecalis
97Bacterial Adhesion
246Escherichia coli
983.2.1 Designing Surfaces for Controlling Bacterial Adhesion
247Pseudomonas aeruginosa
993.2.2 Tailoring Surface Chemistry to Control Bacterial Adhesion: Self-assembled monolayers
248Salmonellaenterica
1003.2.3 Planar Control of Cell Adhesion Using SAMS
249Serratiamarcescens
101Anti-adhesive SAMs
250Staphylococcus aureus
102Cellular patterning
251Staphylococcus epidermidis
103Microcontact printing
2527.1.2 Bacteria with Multiple or Undetermined Killing Modes
1043.3 Bacterial Synthesis and Applications of
253Burkholderiacenocepacia
105Nanoparticles
254Burkholderiapseudomallei
1063.3.1 Experimental Phenomena
255Plant, Fish and Insect Pathogens
107Nanomaterials types
2567.1.3 Fungal Infections
108NMs properties
257Cryptococcus Neoformans
109Synthesis of nanomaterials
258Drechmeriaconiospora
110Physical and chemical synthesis of nanomaterials
2597.1.4 Toxin-mediated Killing
1113.3.2 Biological Synthesis of Nanomaterials
260Bacillus thuringiensis
112Why choose bacteria?
261Pseudomonas aeruginosa
113NPs synthesis by bacteria
262Streptococcus sp.
1143.3.3 Synthesis Types
263Expression of bacterial effectors in transgenic C. elegans
115Intracellular nano synthesis
2647.2 Monitoring for Microbial Pathogens and
116Intracellular synthesis of metallic nanomaterials
265 Indicators
1173.3.4 Non-metallic Nanomaterials
2667.2.1 Purposes of Monitoring Pathogens and Indicators: Recreational Water Quality Criteria
1183.3.5 Extracellular nanosynthesis
2677.2.2 Microbial Pathogens and Indicators
119Extracellular synthesis of metallic nanomaterials
268Bacteria
120Non-metallic nanomaterials
269Fecal Indicator Bacteria
1213.3.6 Useful Methods for NPs synthesis
270Protozoa
122Silver NPs synthesis by Bacillus sp.
271Viruses
123Visual identification
2727.2.3 Sources, Fate, and Transport of Waterborne Microorganisms: Sources of Pathogens and Indicators
124UV-Vis spectrophotometer
2737.2.4 Transport of Microorganisms: Survival/die-off factors
125SEM with EDX
2747.2.5 Monitoring Issues
1263.3.7 Mechanism
275Sample Collection
127Ability of bacteria
276Analytical Methods
128Acquaintance of MIC
2777.3 Self-Assessment
1293.4 Self-Assessment
278A
1304.1 The Science of Fungi
279B
1314.1.1 Importance of Fungi
280C
1324.1.2 Characteristics of Fungi
281D
1334.1.3 Cell Structure and Function
282E
134Growth
283F
135Nutrition
284G
1364.1.4 Reproduction
285I
137Asexual Reproduction
286L
138Sexual Reproduction
287M
1394.1.5 Classification of the Fungi
288N
140Zygomycota
289O
141Chytridiomycota
290P
142Ascomycota
291R
143Basidiomycota
292S
1444.1.6 Ecology of Fungi
293T
145Habitats
294U
146Decomposers and Recyclers
295V
147Mutualistic Relationships
296Y
148Fungus/Plant Mutualism
297Z
149Lichens
