1Preface
1209.3.1 Performance
2A Brief About Air Pollution Control
1219.3.2 Size of a Control Device
31.1 How Air Pollution can Affect Us
1229.3.3 Instrumentation
41.2 Rules and Regulations for Air Pollution Control in the US: 1.2.1 Studies and Research Done for Air Pollution Control in the USA
1239.3.4 Power Input
51.3 Revolutionary Years in U.S. Environmental Protection Act – 1969-1970
1249.3.5 Accessibility
61.4 Policies for Removal of Polluted Air and Gas Emission
1259.3.6 Corrosion
71.5 Various Problems Raised Due to Air Pollution
1269.3.7 Abrasion
81.6 Dispersion of Air Pollution and Vehicular Transmission
1279.3.8 Moisture and Freezing
91.7 Measurement Scales for Determining Air Quality
1289.3.9 Ventilation Systems
10References
1299.3.10 Solid Removal Equipments
11How Air Pollution Can Affect Us
1309.3.11 Fans
122.1 The Effects of Air Pollution
1319.3.12 System Operation and Maintenance
132.1.1 Environmental Degradation
1329.3.13 Prevention Maintenance
142.1.2 Economy
1339.3.14 Recordkeeping
152.1.3 Human Health
1349.3.15 Training
162.2 Air Pollution Effects on Our Body
135References
172.2.1 Lungs
136How to Control Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in the Atmosphere
182.2.2 Heart
13710.1 A Brief About Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC)
192.2.3 Brain
13810.1.1 Source of VOCs?
202.3 Air Pollution Leading to Various Illnesses
13910.1.2 Are they harmful?
212.3.1 Epilepsy
14010.1.3 How it affects children’s health?
222.3.2 Dementia and Alzheimer’s Disease
14110.2 How atmosphere gets affected with VOCs
232.3.3 Autism and Schizophrenia
14210.3 What is Vaporization?: 10.3.1 Factors Affecting the Rate of Vaporization
242.4 Air Pollution Effects on Reproductive Health
14310.4 What are Mobile Source Problems?
252.4.1 Preterm Birth
14410.4.1 Imposing Danger
262.4.2 Women’s Reproductive System
14510.4.2 Toxic Emissions
272.4.3 Men’s Reproductive Health
14610.4.3 Realizing our Duty
282.5 How Air Pollution Effects The Visibility: 2.5.1 How to control the haze?
14710.5 Preventive Methods
292.6 Some of The unknown Facts About Air Pollution
14810.5.1 Vapor pressure and evaporation
30References
14910.5.2 Preventing the release of Volatile organic compounds
31Philosophies, Laws and Regulations to Control Air Pollution
15010.5.3 Adsorption
323.1 What Does The Government Do To Keep Air Pollution in Control?
15110.5.4 Condensation
333.2 US Air Pollution Control Through Rules and Regulations
15210.5.5 Cryogenic Condensation
343.2.1 Regulatory Details
15310.5.6 Gas absorption
353.2.2 Fundamental Philosophies For Air Pollution Control
15410.5.7 Control by Oxidation
36References
155References
37Air Pollution Measurements, Emission Estimates
156How to Control Sulfur Oxides
384.1 What is Air Quality Index?
15711.1 Details about the Sulfur Problem
394.2 A Representative Sample
15811.1.1 Oxides of Sulfur
404.2.1 Passive Sampling
15911.1.2 Sulfur Oxides and their Negative Affects
414.2.2 Active Sampling
16011.2 How to Control Sulfur Oxides and Pollution?
424.2.3 Automatic Methods
16111.2.1 Choice of Fuel and Cleaning
434.3 Air Pollution Concentration Determination
16211.2.2 Technology and Modifications
444.4 Standard Methods for Emission Estimation
16311.3 How to Remove Sulfur Compounds from Natural Gas and Petroleum Emissions
454.4.1 Continuous Emission Monitoring System (CEMS)
16411.3.1 Methods Used For The Removal of Sulfur
464.4.2 Predictive Emission Monitoring System (PEMS)
16511.3.2 Reduction of Sulfur From Natural Gas Streams
474.4.3 Stack Sampling
16611.4 How to Remove SO2 from the Lean Waste Gases
484.4.4 Fuel Analysis
16711.4.1 Tail-Gas from Industrial Sources
494.4.5 Emission Factors
16811.4.2 Flue Gas Cleaning Technology
504.4.6 Isokinetic Sampling
16911.4.3 Limestone Scrubbing
514.5 A Brief About Visible Emissions: 4.5.1 Ways To Measure Visible Emissions
17011.5 How to Remove SO2 from Rich Waste Gases
52References
17111.5.1 What is the cause that SO2 is posing a threat on the environment?
53Meteorology for Air Pollution Control Engineers
17211.5.2 Methods to Remove SO2
545.1 Meteorological Aspects Which Affects The Pollutants Concentration
17311.6 Control Technologies for SO2: 11.6.1 Control Technologies
555.1.1 The Atmosphere
174References
565.1.2 Horizontal Atmospheric Motion
175How to Control Nitrogen Oxides
575.1.3 Vertical Motion in the Atmosphere
17612.1 A Brief About Nitrogen Oxide
585.1.4 Meteorology of Winds
17712.2 Nitrogen Oxide - A Big Problem
595.1.5 Temperature Inversions and Reversals
17812.3 Major Sources of NOX Formation During Combustion
605.2 What is Fumigation?: 5.2.1 How does it help in the Plantation?
17912.3.1 Thermal NOX
615.3 Meteorological and Weather Forecasts
18012.3.2 Prompt NOX
62References
18112.3.3 Fuel NOX
63Models to CheckAir Pollution Concentration
18212.4 Sources of Nitrogen Oxides (NOX) Emissions
646.1 Types of Air Pollutants
18312.4.1 Natural Sources
656.2 Various Air Quality Models
18412.4.2 Human Source
666.2.1 Fixed Box Models
18512.5 Controlling Nitrogen Oxide Emissions
676.2.2 Dispersion Models
18612.5.1 Decrease in Temperature
686.2.3 Plume Rise Model
18712.5.2 Reducing Residence Time
696.3 Gaussian Plume Models
18812.5.3 Chemical Reduction of NOX
706.4 Creation of Pollutants and Decay in the Atmosphere
18912.5.4 Oxidation of Nitrogen Oxides
716.4.1 Acid Rain
19012.5.5 Removal of Nitrogen from Combustion
726.4.2 Global Warming
19112.5.6 Sorption: Adsorption and Absorption
736.5 Multiple Cell Model: 6.5.1 Assumptions of the Model
19212.5.7 Combination of these Methods
746.6 Air Pollution Models Based on Receptors: 6.1.1 Mathematically
19312.6 Measures Adopted for NOX Control
756.7 Source Oriented Air Pollution Models
19412.6.1 NOX RACT (Reasonably Available Control Technology)
766.8 Advantages of Air Pollution Modeling
19512.6.2 Ozone Transport Region NOX Cap and allowance Trading Program (OTR)
776.9 Disadvantages of Air Pollution Modeling
196References
78References
197Understanding the Commotion
79General Ideas To Control Air Pollution
19813.1 The Internal Combustion Engine (ICE)
807.2 Fate of Pollutants
19913.2 What is Crankcase and Evaporative Emissions?
817.3 Minimizing Volumetric Flow-rate and Pressure Drop
20013.2.1 Crankcase Emission Control (PCV System)
827.4 A Brief About Penetration, Efficiency, Nine
20113.2.2 Evaporative Emission Controls
837.5 Homogenous and Non-Homogenous Pollutants
20213.3 Tailpipe Emissions: How They Affect Human Health
847.6 Basing Calculations on Inert Flow Rates
20313.4 Tampering And Emission Testing
857.7 A Brief About Combustion
20413.5 Transfer and Storage Emissions
867.7.1 Heat of combustion
20513.6 Indirect Energy Sources: 13.6.1 How to use sustainable energy directly?
877.7.2 Limits of combustion or explosion
20613.7 Visualizing a Future Less Dependent on Motor Vehicles
887.8 How Volumetric Flow Rate Changes?
207References
897.9 What is Acid Dew Point?
208Global Climate and Air Pollutants Affects on it
907.10 Catalysts for Air Pollution Control
20914.1 Climate Change: 14.1.1 Climate Change Performance Index (CCPI)
917.11 Ways to Control Air Pollution
21014.2 Depletion of the Ozone Layer
927.11.1 Controlling the particulate matter
21114.2.1 Did You Know?
937.11.2 Cyclones
21214.2.2 The Chapman Cycle
947.11.3 Electrostatic Precipitators
21314.3 Chemistry of Ozone Depletion
957.11.4 Scrubbers
21414.4 Acid Rain
967.11.5 Baghouse Filters
215References
97References
216Miscellaneous Topics
98Essential Attributes of Particulate Pollutants
21715.1 Carbon Monoxide: 15.1.1 What are the harmful effects of CO?
998.1 A Brief About Primary and Secondary PM (Particulate Matter)
21815.2 Lead
1008.2 What are Settling Velocity and Drag Forces?
21915.2.1 How Lead Affects Our Body
1018.3 What are Particle Size Distribution Functions?
22015.2.2 How Lead Affects the Ecosystems
1028.4 Particles in Our Bodies
22115.3 A Brief About the Hazards of Air Pollutants
1038.5 Secondary Fine Particles
22215.3.1 The Pollutants
1048.6 How Particles Behave in the Atmosphere?: 8.6.1 Atmospheric Particulate Matter
22315.3.2 The Sources
1058.7 How Can Particulate Matter Affect Your Health?
22415.4 Indoor Pollution: 15.4.1 Various Sources of Indoor Pollution
1068.8 Effect on Climate
225References
107References
226Nomenclature
108Elimination of Primary Particulates
227Appendix
1099.1 Wall Collection Devices
228Units of Measured Weather Elements:
1109.2 Devices to Control Emissions
229Surface Observations
1119.2.1 Absorption and Wet Scrubbing Equipment
230Routine Upper Air Observations:
1129.2.2 Adsorption
231Types of Weather Forecasting
1139.2.3 Fabric Filters or Baghouses
232Short Range Forecast
1149.2.4 Catalytic Reactors
233Medium Range Forecast
1159.2.5 Cyclones
234How M R F is useful to Agriculture?
1169.2.6 Electrostatic precipitators (ESPS)
235Long Range Forecasts (LRF)
1179.2.7 Incinerators
236Local Forecasts
1189.2.8 Biofilters
237Glossary
1199.3 How to Choose a Collector
238Index
