1Disclaimer and Terms of Use
117Urban Restrictions
2INTRODUCTION TO EUROPEAN ROAD TRAVEL
118Wild Camping Rules
3Purpose and Scope of the Atlas
119Mountain and Scenic Roads
4Who This Atlas is For (RV Travelers, Road Trippers, Tourists, Cyclists, etc.)
120RV AND CAMPERVAN TRAVEL ACROSS EUROPE
5Highlights of Road Travel across Europe
121RV Rentals and Campervan Hire Recommendations
6Key Updates for 2025 Edition
122Where to Start: Most Popular RV Rental Hubs
7Driving Differences across European Nations (Signage, Road Rules, Languages)
123Top Rental Companies across Europe
8PREPARING FOR A ROAD TRIP ACROSS EUROPE
124What to Expect from a Rental Vehicle
9Documents you’ll Need (IDP, Passport, Green Card, Vignettes, etc.)
125Campsites and Stellplatz Systems
10Understanding Schengen and Non-Schengen Borders
126Essential Services to Look For
11European Driving License Requirements
127Reservation and Payment
12Car Rental vs. Motorhome Hire
128Free Overnight Parking Spots (France’s Aires, Italy’s Sostas, etc.)
13Cost Estimation: Tolls, Fuel, Campsites, Insurance
129France – Aires de Service / Aires de Camping-Car
14Tolls and Road Charges
130Italy – Aree di Sosta
15Fuel Costs
131Germany – Stellplätze
16Campsites and Overnight Parking
132Spain and Portugal – Áreas de Autocaravanas
17Insurance Costs
133Scandinavia – Simple, Legal Overnight Stops
18Best Times to Travel by Region (summer, spring, autumn)
134Eastern Europe – Hidden Gems and Growing Networks
19Northern Europe
135Tips for Using Free Overnight Spots
20Western Europe
136Dump Stations, Water Access, and Electrical Hookups
21Southern Europe
137Dump Stations (Black and Grey Water Disposal)
22Central Europe
138Water Access Points (Freshwater Refill)
23Eastern Europe and the Balkans
139Electrical Hookups (EHU)
24Mountain Routes
140Finding These Services on the Road
25Holiday Periods to Consider
141Best RV Routes and Friendly Countries for RVers
26MAJOR EUROPEAN DRIVING ROUTES
142Top Countries for RV and Campervan Travel
27Pan-European Routes (E-Road Network Explained): How the E-Road Numbering Works
143France
28Key Pan-European E-Routes
144Germany
29E40: Calais to Ridder (France to Kazakhstan border)
145Norway
30E75: Vardø to Sitia (Norway to Crete, Greece)
146Portugal
31E60: Brest to Irkeshtam (France to Kyrgyzstan)
147Austria and Switzerland
32E35: Amsterdam to Rome
148Slovenia and Croatia
33E90: Lisbon to Habur (Portugal to Turkey-Iraq border)
149Scenic and Iconic RV Routes across Europe
34Driving Notes for the E-Road Network
150The Romantic Road (Germany)
35Scenic Drives in Europe (e.g. Amalfi Coast, Trollstigen, Transfăgărășan, Route Napoleon)
151The Atlantic Road (Norway)
36Amalfi Coast Drive (SS163, Italy)
152The Amalfi Coast (Italy)
37Route Overview
153North Coast 500 (Scotland)
38Key Towns and Stops along the Route
154Transfăgărășan Highway (Romania)
39Driving Experience
155Route Napoléon (France)
40Best Time to Drive
156Loire Valley Wine Route (France)
41RV and Campervan Considerations
157What Makes a Country RV-Friendly?
42Trollstigen (Norway)
158Safety Tips for Wild Camping
43Route Overview
159NAVIGATING EUROPEAN TERRAIN
44Highlights and Stops Along the Route
160Mountain Passes, Coastal Cliffs, and Forest Roads
45Driving Experience
161Mountain Passes: High Roads with Breathtaking Views
46Best Time to Drive
162Coastal Cliff Roads: Beauty with Sharp Bends
47RV and Campervan Considerations
163Forest Roads: Serene and Secluded Travel
48Transfăgărășan Highway (Romania)
164Weather Impacts and Seasonal Closures (Snow Chains, Ferry Crossings)
49Route Overview
165Mountain Pass Closures and Snow Conditions
50Key Stops and Landmarks
166Snow Chains and Winter Equipment
51Driving Experience
167Fog, Wind, and Heavy Rain
52Best Time to Drive
168Ferry Crossings and Weather Cancellations
53RV and Campervan Considerations
169Tunnel Networks (Mont Blanc, Gotthard, etc.)
54Route Napoléon (France)
170Major Tunnels Used by RV Travelers
55Key Stops and Points of Interest
171Mont Blanc Tunnel (France – Italy)
56Driving Experience
172Gotthard Road Tunnel (Switzerland)
57Best Time to Drive
173Arlberg Tunnel (Austria)
58RV and Campervan Considerations
174Frejus Road Tunnel (France – Italy)
59Most Famous Road Trips
175Plabutsch Tunnel (Austria)
60Atlantic Road (Norway)
176Scandinavia’s Impressive Tunnel System
61Romantic Road, Germany
177Laerdal Tunnel (Norway)
62Ring Road (Iceland)
178Eiksund Tunnel (Norway)
63North Coast 500 (Scotland)
179Nordkapp Tunnel
64The Alpine Road (Austria)
180Tunnel Rules and RV-Specific Considerations
65Coastal, Mountain, and Countryside Routes
181Ferry Routes (Baltic Sea, Adriatic Sea, Mediterranean)
66DRIVING REGION-BY-REGION IN EUROPE
182Baltic Sea Routes
67Northern Europe
183Adriatic Sea Routes
68Norway, Sweden, Finland, Denmark, Iceland
184Mediterranean Routes
69Arctic Circle Routes and Midnight Sun Drives
185Ferry Travel Considerations for RVs
70Western Europe: France, Germany, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg
186Road Gradient Warnings and Vehicle Restrictions
71Southern Europe: Spain, Portugal, Italy, Greece, Malta
187Understanding Road Gradient Warnings
72Eastern Europe: Poland, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Slovakia, Czechia
188Vehicle Height, Length, and Weight Restrictions
73Central Europe: Austria, Switzerland, Slovenia, Liechtenstein
189Low Emission Zones (LEZ) and City Access Rules
74Balkan Peninsula: Croatia, Bosnia, Serbia, Albania, Montenegro, North Macedonia
190Tips for Avoiding Restricted or Dangerous Roads
75Baltic States: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania
191ROAD SAFETY AND EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS
76ROAD RULES, TOLLS, AND REGULATIONS BY COUNTRY
192Emergency Numbers across Europe
77Speed Limits and Road Signs by Country: Speed Limit Overview by Country
193Universal Emergency Number: 112
78Road Signs: Understanding European Variations
194Country-Specific Emergency Numbers
79Vignette and Toll Systems (Austria, Hungary, Switzerland, etc.)
195Special Services to Know
80Austria
196When to Use 112 vs. Local Numbers
81Hungary
197What to Do in Case of an Accident
82Switzerland
198Vehicle Breakdown Procedures
83Slovakia
199Essential Roadside Kits by Law
84Czechia (Czech Republic)
200Sample Legal Kit for an RV Traveler across Europe
85Slovenia
201Theft Prevention and Common Tourist Scams
86Romania
202Health and Medical Assistance (EHIC/GHIC)
87Toll Systems in Other Countries
203SAMPLE ROAD TRIP ITINERARIES
88France
2047-Day Itineraries by Region
89Italy
20514-Day Grand Tours (Multi-Country Trips)
90Spain
20630-Day Pan-European RV Adventures
91Portugal
207Route Overview
92Norway
208Week 1: The Iberian Start – Sun, History, and Moorish Splendor
93UK and Ireland
209Week 2: French Riviera to the Alps
94Helpful Tips
210Week 3: Central European Heartlands
95Emission Zones and Green Stickers (Germany, France, UK, etc.)
211Week 4: Eastern and Baltic Europe Finale
96Germany: Umweltzone and Green Stickers
212Thematic Journeys (Historical, Culinary, Coastal, Nature-Based)
97France: Crit’Air System
213Suggested Stopovers and Route Planning Tips
98United Kingdom: ULEZ and Clean Air Zones (CAZ)
214ROAD SIGNS AND LANGUAGE REFERENCE
99Italy: Zona a Traffico Limitato (ZTL)
215Common European Road Signs with Visuals and Translations
100Netherlands & Belgium
216Multilingual Driving Phrases (English, French, German, Italian, Spanish)
101Austria
217Translation Help for Fuel, Food, Lodging, and Emergencies
102Spain
218Local Etiquette and Driving Customs
103Practical Tips for Emission Zone Compliance
219DIRECTORY OF RV PARKS, CAMPSITES & FUEL STATIONS
104Alcohol Limits, Seatbelt Rules, Mobile Phone Laws
220Country-by-Country Listings
105Alcohol Limits by Country (Blood Alcohol Content - BAC)
221France
106Seatbelt Usage Requirements
222Germany
107Mobile Phone and Device Laws While Driving
223Italy
108Best Practices for Travelers
224Spain
109Parking Rules, City Center Access, and Camper Restrictions
225United Kingdom
110General Parking Systems across Europe
226Facilities Overview (Showers, Electricity, Laundry, Wi-Fi)
111City Center Access and ZTL Zones
227GPS Coordinates and Road Access Details: Aire Municipale de Giverny (France)
112Italy – ZTL (Zona a Traffico Limitato)
228Budget vs. Premium Options: Example Comparison
113France – Zones de Circulation Restreinte (ZCR)
229Refueling Points with LPG/Autogas Availability
114Spain – ZBE (Zona de Bajas Emisiones)
230Conclusion
115UK – Congestion and Ultra-Low Emission Zones
231INDEX
116Campervan and RV Restrictions