1Preface
1977.3.2Impacts of Crop Residue Burning on Agriculture Sector
21History of Farming Systems
198Impact of crop residues on soil health and crop yield
31.1Definition
199Impact of crop residues on pests
41.2Historical Background
2007.4Techniques of Crop Residue Management
51.2.1Sustainable Agriculture
2017.4.1Technological Interventions
61.2.2Case Study- The Potential Of Agricultural Biotechnology
2027.4.2Laws And Regulations
7The Role Of Biotechnology
2037.4.3Information, Knowledge, And Innovation
8Regional Scenarios In Biotechnology
2047.4.4Sticks, Carrots, And Nudges
9Africa
2057.5Benefits of crop residue
10Asia
2067.5.1Soil Erosion
11Middle East
2077.5.2Less Soil Crusting
12Latin America and the Caribbean
2087.5.3Water Infiltration
13Impact
2097.5.4Less Evaporative Losses
14High returns to GM adoption
2107.5.5Crop Residue Contains Nutrients
15The improved nutritional and medicinal quality
2117.6Summary
16Utilization and rehabilitation of marginal and degraded lands
2127.7Inquiries
17Reducing encroachment to marginal environment
2137.8References
18Input replacement
2148Organic Farming in Farming Systems
19Animal husbandry
2158.1Introduction
20Immediate impacts of tissue culture and micropropagation
2168.1.1Sustainability Over The Long Term
21Recommendations For Action
2178.1.2Soil
22Increasing the focus on crops and livestock constraints of importance to small producers
2188.1.3Water
23Developing regulatory frameworks
2198.1.4Air and Climate Change
24Assisting in economic planning
2208.1.5Genetically Modified Organisms
25Promoting technical assistance among national, regional, and international institutions
2218.1.6Ecological Services
26Conclusion
2228.2Types of Organic Farming
271.3Objectives
2238.2.1Pure Organic Farming
281.4Farming Systems Research
2248.2.2Integrated Organic Farming
291.5Integrated Farming System
2258.3Methods or Techniques of organic farming
301.6Summary
2268.3.1Crop Rotation
311.7Inquires
2278.3.2Green Manure
321.8References
2288.3.3Compost
332Components of Farming System
2298.3.4Crop Diversity
342.1Systems Approach
2308.3.5Soil Management
352.2Classification of Farm Systems
2318.3.6Controlling Pests Biologically
362.2.1Plant System
2328.3.7Weed Management
372.2.2Crop System
2338.3.8Livestock
382.2.3The Cropping System
2348.3.9Genetic Modification
392.2.4Livestock System
2358.3.10Rotations
402.2.5Farm System
2368.3.11Duration Of The Conversion Period
412.3Components of the Farming system
2378.3.12Farm Designing
422.3.1Cattle Maintenance
2388.3.13Cattle Shed
43Buffalo:
2398.3.14Storehouse
44Sheep Rearing:
2408.3.15Border Plants
45Goat rearing:
2418.4Components of organic farming system
46Poultry:
2428.5Principles of organic agriculture
47Duck rearing:
2438.5.1Health
48Turkey rearing:
2448.5.2Ecology
49Piggery:
2458.5.3Fairness
50Rabbit rearing:
2468.5.4Care
51Beekeeping:
247Crop Rotation
52Aquaculture:
248Green Manures
53Biogas Plant:
249Animal Manures
54Biogas slurry:
2508.6Benefits of organic farming
552.4Cropping systems
2518.7Different available organic inputs
562.4.1Types of Cropping System
2528.7.1Organic Droppings (Manure)
57Monocropping:
2538.7.2Bacterial and Fungal Biofertilizers
58Solo Cropping:
254Rhizobium
59Multiple Cropping:
255Azotobacter
60Overlapping Cropping:
256Azospirillum
61Strip cropping:
257Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria
62Relay cropping:
258Phosphorus-solubilizing microorganism (PSB)
632.4.2Advantages Of Cropping System
259Mycorrhizal fungi
642.5Cropping Pattern
260Blue Chlorophyta (BGA)
652.5.1Difference between Cropping Pattern and Cropping System
261Azolla
662.5.2Types of Cropping Pattern
2628.8Soil management in organic farming
67Mixed Cropping
2638.9Weed management in organic farming
68Intercropping
2648.9.1Botanical Pesticide Use In Organic Farming
692.5.3Difference between Mixed Cropping and Intercropping : Crop Rotation
265Nicotine
702.6Distribution of crops across the world
266Sabadilla
712.6.1Cereals
267Neem
722.6.2Roots and Tubers
268Tillage
732.6.3Sugar Crops
269Organic Certification and Tillage
742.6.4Other Crops
270 Types of Mechanical Tillage and Tools
752.7Case Study
271Pros and Cons of Tillage
762.7.1Rice, Mung bean, Soybean, Peanut, Rice bean, and Black gram Yields under Different Intercropping Systems
272Primary and Secondary Tillage and No-Till Options
772.7.2Effect Of Different Rice-Based Intercropping Systems On Rice Grain Yield And Residual Soil Fertility
2738.9.2Integrated Weed Management
782.7.3Results
2748.9.3Integrated Pest Management
79Rice grain yield:
2758.10Summary
80Forage yield of intercrops:
2768.10.1Advantages Of Organic Farming
81Rice grain yield equivalents of intercrops:
2778.10.2Disadvantages Of Organic Farming
82Total rice grain yield equivalent (TRGYE):
2788.10.3Organic Farming With Crop Monitoring
832.7.4Residual Soil Fertility After The Harvest Of Different Rice-Based Intercropping Systems : Residual soil organic matter:
2798.11Inquiries
842.7.5Impacts On Yield In A Corn-Soybean System
2808.12References
852.8Summary
2819Hydroponic Techniques in Agriculture
862.9Inquiries
2829.1Types of Hydroponic Growing Systems
872.10References
2839.1.1Aeroponic System
883Integrated Farming System
2849.1.2Drip System
893.1Principles of the integrated farming system
2859.1.3Ebb and Flow System
903.2Importance of Integrated farming systems
2869.1.4Nutrient Film Technique System
913.3Advantages of the integrated farming system
2879.1.5Water Culture System
923.4Goals of Integrated farming system
2889.1.6Wick System
933.5Integrated farming system and allied enterprises
2899.2The Benefits of Hydroponic Technology
943.5.1Buffalo Farming
2909.3Sustainable Micro farms and The Future
953.5.2Goat Rearing
2919.4Advantages of Soilless Agriculture: Controlled Environment Agriculture (CEA):
963.5.3Poultry Farming
2929.5Basic Requirements of Hydroponics
973.5.4Aquaculture
2939.6Why Choose Hydroponic Systems?
983.6Examples of Integration farming systems
2949.7Limitations
993.6.1Potential Linkages Between Livestock And Fish Production
2959.7.1Lack Of Government Policy And Tax Breaks In Developing Countries
1003.6.2Basis Of Fish, Crop, And Livestock Combinations
2969.7.2Spread Of Waterborne Diseases And Algae In Closed Systems
1013.6.3Poultry Farming And Cropping
2979.8Challenges
1023.6.4Pig-Fish System
2989.9Scope for Hydroponics
1033.7Summary
2999.10Hydroponics and organic food
1043.8Inquiries
3009.11The spectrum of sustainability
1053.9References
3019.12Vertical farming’s viability
1064Integrated Farming System Models in Different Agroclimatic Zones
3029.13Summary
1074.1IFS models
3039.14Inquiries
1084.1.1The Great Plains Framework for Agricultural Resource Management
3049.15References
1094.1.2I-Farm, An Integrated Crop And Livestock Production, And Biomass Planning Tool
30510Farming Systems of Dryland Agriculture
1104.1.3FASSET, the Farm Assessment Tool
30610.1Characteristics of smallholder agriculture
1114.1.4IFSM, the Integrated Farm System Model
30710.2Examples of smallholder farming systems
1124.2Major IFS models in Europe and Asia
30810.2.1Agricultural Intensification
1134.2.1Forest-Based Livestock Farming System
30910.2.2Extensive Land Use
1144.2.2Horticulture Mixed Farming System
31010.2.3Soil Fertility Management
1154.2.3Large-scale Cereal-Vegetable Farming System
31110.2.4Adding Nutrients To The Soil
1164.2.4Small-scale Cereal-Livestock Farming System
312Fallowing
1174.2.5Extensive Cereal-Livestock Farming System
313Stubble grazing
1184.2.6Pastoral Farming System
314Inorganic fertilizers
1194.2.7Sparse (Cold) Farming System
31510.2.5Crop Rotation And Association
1204.2.8Sparse (Arid) Farming System
31610.2.6Woody Vegetation
1214.2.9Urban Based Farming System
31710.2.7Erosion Control
1224.3Applications
31810.2.8Field Clearing And Weeding
1234.3.1Decision Support And Education
31910.2.9Recycling Nutrients
1244.3.2Research
320Manure
1254.3.3Grazing Strategies
321Crop residue management
1264.3.4Cropping Systems
322Management of other organic matter
1274.3.5Forage Conservation
323Reduced land tillage
1284.3.6Feeding Strategies And Animal Management
32410.2.10Precision Agriculture
1294.3.7Nutrient Management, Manure Handling, And Crop Establishment
32510.2.11Fire Management
1304.4Summary
32610.3Soil fertility management practices in the Sahel
1314.5Inquiries
32710.4Characteristics of dry farming
1324.6References
32810.5Summary
1335Sustainable Agriculture
32910.6Inquires
1345.1Key challenges
33010.7References
1355.2Principles of Sustainable agriculture
33111Agroforestry In Farming System
1365.3Importance of Sustainable Agriculture
33211.1Introduction
1375.3.1It Makes Effective Use Of Land
33311.2Benefits of Agroforestry
1385.3.2It Works In Harmony With Nature
33411.2.1Salinity And Water Table Control
1395.3.3It Reduces Pollution
33511.2.2Soil Erosion Control
1405.3.4It Creates A Stable Food Supply
33611.2.3Waterlogging
1415.3.5It Promotes Local Communities
33711.2.4Agroforestry, Cultivation, And Use Of Trees And Shrubs With Crops And Livestock In Agricultural Systems
1425.4Elements of Sustainable agriculture
33811.2.5Why Choose Agroforestry?
1435.4.1World Population
33911.3Agroforestry Practices
1445.4.2CO2 and Temperature
34011.4Types of Agroforestry Systems
1455.4.3Water
34111.4.1Dry corridor of Central America
1465.4.4Fossil Fuels
34211.4.2Temperate European Agroforestry
1475.4.5Energy
34311.4.3Dehasa system of the Iberian Peninsula
1485.4.6Nitrogen
34411.4.4Chinese Agro-forestry Today
1495.4.7Economics
34511.4.5New-Zealand- Temperate Agroforestry Model
1505.4.8Pollutants and Contaminants
346Problem definition:
1515.4.9Cropland
347Program management:
1525.5Methods of Sustainable Agriculture
348Boundary work:
1535.5.1Permaculture
349Systems integration:
1545.5.2Biodynamic Farming
350Learning orientation:
1555.5.3Hydroponics And Aquaponics
351Continuity with flexibility:
1565.5.4Urban Agriculture
352Manage asymmetries of power:
1575.5.5Agroforestry And Food Forests
35311.5Summary
1585.5.6Polycultures And Crop Rotation
35411.6Exercise
1595.5.7Growth Of Heirloom And Older Varieties
35511.7References
1605.5.8Natural Animal Raising
35612Tools for Production and Efficiency in Farming System
1615.5.9Natural Pest Management
35712.1Digital Sensors
1625.6Benefits of sustainable Agriculture
35812.2Irrigation
1635.7Summary
35912.3Drones
1645.8Inquiries
36012.4Biotechnology
1655.9References
36112.5Fleet Management
1666Conservation Agriculture
36212.5.1Part I. Administering the Individual Practice Tracking Sheet
1676.1History of Conservation Agriculture
36312.5.2Part 2. Administering the Group PPT
1686.2Principles of Conservation Agriculture
36412.6Tools For The Management Of Irrigated Systems
1696.2.1Principle 1: Minimum Soil Disturbance
36512.6.1Prioritized And Differentiated Strategies
1706.2.3Principle 3. Crop Rotation
36612.6.2Market-Driven Opportunities For Farmers
1716.3Key features of Conservation Agriculture
36712.6.3Change Agents Identified And Mobilized
1726.4Challenges of Conservation Agriculture
36812.7Summary : Cost Ratios
1736.4.1Weeds Management And Control In A Conservation Agriculture System
36912.8Exercise
174Cultural/ Biological methods
37012.9References
175Mulch
371Glossary
176Crop rotation
372A
177Crop spacing–
373B
178Physical control (manual and mechanical weeding)
374C
179Chemical control through the use of herbicides
375D
1806.4.2Livestock Integration In The Conservation Agriculture System
376E
1816.5Benefits of Conservation Agriculture
377F
1826.6Strategy for Implementation of conservation agriculture Innovation
378G
1836.6.1Implementing Situations And Prevailing Constraints
379H
1846.6.2Transforming the Agricultural System
380I
1856.6.3Changing the Attitude
381L
1866.6.4Encouragement, Support, and Capacity Building
382M
1876.6.5Policies and Incentives
383N
1886.6.6Support from International Organizations
384O
1896.7Summary
385P
1906.8Inquiries
386R
1916.9References
387S
1927Role of Crop Residue in Agriculture
388T
1937.1The Crop Residues Tool
389U
1947.2Crop residue burning: 7.2.1Reasons For Burning Crop Residue
390W
1957.3Impact of Residue burning
391Index
1967.3.1Health Impact
