1Preface
958.1 The Origins of Agriculture
2Chapter - 1 Green Earth
968.2 The Story of Wheat
31.1 Introduction
978.3 The Story of Rice
41.2 A Short History of the Earth
988.4 The Story of Corn
51.3 Exercise
998.4.1 In the Beginning
6Chapter - 2 The Father of Botany
1008.4.2 The Great Exchange
72.1 Theophrastus, the Father of Botany
1018.4.3 Corn and the Sauk and Mesquakie Indians
82.2 Medicine and Plants
1028.5 How Rubber moved to Asia
92.3 Exercise
1038.6 Exercise
10Chapter - 3 Herbals and Physical Gardens
104Chapter - 9 Evolution of Plants
113.1 Shennong, the Divine Farmer
1059.1 Charles Darwin and Evolution using Natural Selection
123.2 Lessons
1069.2 What is evolution?
133.3 The Emperor of Fire
1079.3 Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection
143.4 Shennong’s Teachings
1089.3.1 Key observations of the theory
153.5 The Second of Three Sovereigns
1099.3.2 Observations of Darwin’s
163.6 Monastic Gardens
1109.4 Discontinuous Distribution of Plants
173.7 Main Use
1119.4.1 Theories of Discontinuous Distribution
183.7.1 Medicinal
1129.4.2 Factors Affecting Distribution of Species:
193.7.2 Food
1139.5 Exercise
203.7.3 Orchards and cemetery gardens
114Chapter - 10 Plant Physiology
213.7.4 The Apothecaries Gardens at Chelsea
11510.1 Plant Reproduction
223.7.5 History
11610.1.1 Plants that reproduce by seeds
233.8 Current garden
11710.1.2 Angiosperms – seed plants with flowers
243.9 The Bauhin Family
11810.1.3 Gymnosperms – seed plants with cones
253.10 The Doctrine of Signatures
11910.2 Plants that reproduce by spores
263.11 The Case for Intuition
12010.3 Microscopic Study of Plants
273.12 Reading Signs of Nature
12110.4 The Cell
283.13 Reading Signatures
12210.4.1 Plant Cell Definition
293.14 Enjoying the Journey
12310.4.2 What is a Plant Cell?
303.15 Exercise
12410.4.3 Plant Cell Diagram
31Chapter - 4 Botanical Gardens and Herbarium
12510.4.4 Plant Cell Structure
324.1 Medicinal Plants Introduction
12610.4.5 Cell Wall
334.2 Review of Literature
12710.4.6 Cell membrane
344.3 The Nature of Medicinal Plants
12810.4.7 Nucleus
354.4 Materials and Methods, Instruments For Data Collection
12910.4.8 Plastids
364.5 Methods of Preparation
13010.4.9 Central Vacuole
374.6 Data Presentation On Medicinal Plants Collected, Identification And Their Uses : 4.6.1 Identification of the plants
13110.4.10 Golgi Apparatus
384.7 The Rise of the Herbarium
13210.4.11 Ribosomes
394.8 Exercise
13310.4.12 Mitochondria
40Chapter - 5 Naming Plants
13410.4.13 Lysosome
415.1 How are plants classified?
13510.5 Plant Cell Types
425.2 Classification of Plants
13610.5.1 Collenchyma Cells
435.3 How are plants classified?: 5.3.1 Classification based on Life Cycle
13710.5.2 Sclerenchyma Cells
445.4 Taxonomic Classification of Plants
13810.5.3 Parenchyma Cells
455.5 Grouping of Plants: 5.5.1 Vascular plants
13910.5.4 Xylem Cells
465.6 Binomial System
14010.5.5 Phloem Cells
475.6.1 What is Nomenclature?
14110.5.6 Plant Cell Functions
485.6.2 Binomial Nomenclature
14210.6 The Botanical Garden
495.7 Natural Classification: 5.7.1 Bentham and Hooker’s System:
14310.7 History
505.8 The vegetation of the World
14410.8 Layouts and Facilities
515.8.1 Forest
14510.9 The Study of Pollen: 10.9.1 What Is Palynology?
525.8.2 Grassland
14610.10 Entomopalynology
535.8.3 Tundra
14710.11 Coleoptera
545.8.4 Desert
14810.12 Diptera
555.8.5 Ice Sheet
14910.13 Lepidoptera
565.9 The Worlds’ Major Vegetation Types
15010.14 Hemiptera
575.10 Exercise
15110.15 Hymenoptera
58Chapter - 6 The Plant Hunters
15210.16 Insect Migration and Foraging Resources
596.1 David Douglas in North America and Hawaii
15310.17 Honey
606.2 Reginald Farrer and Alpine Plants
15410.18 Climatic Changes
616.3 George Forrest, Collecting in Yunnan
15510.19 Archaeological Palynology
626.4 Robert Fortune, Collecting in Northern China
15610.20 Forensic Palynology
636.5 Ernst Wilson, Collecting in China in Japan
15710.21 Medical Palynology and Aerobiology
646.6 The Wardian Case
15810.22 Exercise
656.7 Exercise
159Chapter - 11 Ecology of Plants
66Chapter - 7 Geography of Plants
16011.1 Sociology of Plants
677.1 Plants of South America
16111.2 History
687.1.1 Grasslands
16211.3 Overview
697.1.2 Tropical savannas
16311.4 Association Model
707.1.3 Endemic plants
16411.5 Vegetation Complexes
717.1.4 Rain forest
16511.6 Habitat type classification
727.2 The Coolest Plants Found in the Amazon Rainforest
16611.7 Data Collections
737.2.1 Heliconia Flower (Lobster-Claw)
16711.8 Communities of Plants
747.2.2 Rubber Tree (Hevea brasiliensis)
16811.9 Plant Community Classification
757.2.3 Orchids
16911.10 Classifying by Physical Appearance
767.2.4 Cacao (Theobroma cacao)
17011.11 Classifying by Environmental Conditions
777.2.5 Giant Water Lilies (Victoria amazonica)
17111.12 Distribution and extent
787.2.6 Passion Fruit Flower (Passiflora)
17211.13 Pennsylvania Plant Community Classification
797.2.7 Bromeliads (Bromeliaceae)
17311.14 Plant Adaptation to the Environment
807.2.8 Monkey Brush Vine (Combretum rotundifolium)
17411.15 Principles of Plant Ecology
817.2.9 Banana Tree
17511.15.1 Introduction
827.2.10 Coffee Plant (Coffea)
17611.15.2 Principles and Structures of General Ecology
837.3 Alexander von Humboldt and the Plants of South America
17711.16 Exercise
847.4 Start of Scientific Plant Geography
178Chapter - 12 Biodiversity and Plant Conservation
857.5 Vegetation zones
17912.1 What is Biodiversity?
867.6 Seven Life Zones
18012.2 Do animals and bugs really matter to us?
877.7 Vegetation Gradients
18112.3 Just how diverse is biodiversity?
887.8 Why Plants grow where they do?
18212.4 National Parks and Nature Reserves
897.9 How Do Plants Grow?
18312.5 Saving the Tropical Forest
907.10 Significance of Ice Ages
18412.6 Five Basic Steps to Saving Rainforests
917.10.1 History of Ice Age
18512.7 Exercise
927.10.2 Ice Age Shaped Plant Diversity
186Appendix
937.11 Exercise
187Glossary
94Chapter - 8 Plant Cultivation
188Index
